民国时期刘文辉西康治理研究

A Study of LIU Wen-hui's Governance of Xikang During the Period ofthe Republic of China

西康连接川藏,清末以来为应对日益加剧的西藏边藏危机,清廷将西康建省提上议事日程,抗战爆发后西康成为抗战大后方,在国民政府支持下,1939年西康建省。刘文辉于1927年将西康纳入防区,1939年出任西康省主席,为西康治理现代化转型作出贡献。刘文辉主政西康期间正值民国边政研究高潮,刘文辉邀请任乃强等学者到西康考察,并将相应调查报告作为施政基础。与中央处于博弈状态的刘文辉,积极建构并宣扬自己的治康思想,重视培养西康行政人员对自己的个人忠诚。刘文辉在西康通过推行新县制、拓展屯垦、开办新式企业等措施,推动西康治理现代化转型;同时尊重当地传统文化和生活习惯,在处理川藏纠纷时得到西康传统土司、头人及寺院力量支持,宽松的社会氛围促进内地与边地民众的交往、交流和交融。

Tibet and Sichuan are linked to Xikang.The creation of Xikang as a province has been on the Qing court's agenda ever since the end of the Qing Dynasty in reaction to the worsening Tibetan border crisis.Xikang played a significant role in the war of resistance's rearguard after it began,and with the help of the national government of the Republic of China,it was made into a county in 1939.LIU Wen-hui was instrumental in modernizing and transforming Xikang administration when he placed the province in the defense zone in 1927 and was elected chairman of the province in 1939.The conclusion of the investigation into the Republic of China's border affairs fell during LIU Wen-hui's rule in Xikang.Ren Naiqiang and other academics were invited to tour Xikang by LIU Wen-hui,who based his administration on the findings of the corresponding investigation report.In a game state with the central government,LIU Wen-hui aggressively created and spread his own theories for running Xikang and placed a high value on fostering the personal loyalty of the administrators there to him.By implementing the new county system,growing the cantonment,and establishing new-style businesses,LIU Wen-hui supported the modernization and transformation of Xikang governance while respecting the area's traditional culture and way of life.In Xikang,the traditional Tusi,chiefs,and monastic forces backed him in resolving Sichuan-Tibet conflicts,and the laid-back social climate encouraged interaction,exchange and integration between the residents of the mainland and the border regions.