抗体药物偶联物在乳腺癌治疗领域的应用:从机制到临床应用

Antibody-drug conjugate in breast cancer:from mechanism to clinical application

目的乳腺癌发病率已高居全球恶性肿瘤之首,转移性乳腺癌患者生存结局差等问题仍亟待解决。随着靶向治疗研究的进展,抗体药物偶联物(antibody-drug conjugate,ADC)在肿瘤中的应用备受关注。ADC药物主要通过抗体靶向作用将细胞毒性药物递送至肿瘤细胞而发挥杀伤作用。临床医生在制定治疗方案时,有必要深入了解不同乳腺癌ADC药物的作用机理和临床疗效及安全性等。

Currently,breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer of all malignant tumor worldwide.Notably,the poor survival outcome of patients with metastatic breast cancer remains to be solved.With the exploration of molecular targeted therapy,the application of antibody drug conjugate(ADC)in cancer has attracted extensive attentions.ADC represents a class of therapeutics with combination of an antibody targeting a specific antigen and a toxic payload conjugated with the antibody via a linker.The monoclonal antibody of an ADC enables it to specifically bind to the targeted tumor cell surface.Upon binding,the ADC is internalized and trafficked to lysosomes,from where the cytotoxic drug is released within the cell,thus resulting in the cell death.Here,we presented the results of clinical trials evaluating trastuzumab duocarmazine,trastuzumab deruxtecan and sacituzumab govitecan in different treatment settings for breast cancer patients.It is necessary for clinicians to deeply understand the mechanism and clinical efficacy or safety of different ADCs when formulating treatment plans for breast cancer patients.