帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的量刑研究——基于1163份裁判文书的实证分析

Study on the Sentencing of the Crime of Assisting Information Network Criminal Activities——An Empirical Analysis Based on 1163 Judgment Documents

帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪作为网络犯罪领域典型的轻罪代表,司法实践中存在数额标准的两极差异、出罪空间狭窄且不起诉率低、缓刑适用率过低且标准不统一以及罚金刑功能受限等问题。缓刑的适用虽然主要取决于行为人主观的悔罪态度,但坦白、自首的从宽功能未能得到充分发挥;罚金刑的适用更多倾向于对犯罪数额与违法所得的考量,刑罚的预防目的与独立的制裁功能未能体现。为更好顺应世界范围内刑罚轻缓化的主流趋势,应完善司法解释的数额标准,构建“流水为主,收益为辅”的裁判模式;建立健全反向行刑衔接机制,鼓励司法工作人员积极适用相对不起诉为不具有实质可罚性的行为进行出罪;明晰缓刑的正当化依据,完善再犯罪危险评估机制,改良法官责任制度,扩大缓刑的适用;优化罚金刑配置,保证其有效执行。

As a typical misdemeanor in the field of cybercrime,the sentencing of the crime of aiding information network criminal activities has problems in judicial practice,such as bipolar differences in amount standards,narrow non-crime space and low non-prosecution rate,low probation application rate and inconsistent standards,and limited function of fine punishment.Although the application of probation mainly depends on the subjective repentance attitude of the perpetrator,the lenient function of confession and surrender has not been fully played,while the application of fine punishment tends to consider the amount of crime and illegal gains,and the preventive purpose and independent sanction function of the punishment are not reflected.In order to better follow the mainstream trend of lenient punishment worldwide,it is necessary to improve the amount standards of judicial interpretation and construct a judgment model of“turnover first,profit second”;establish and improve a reverse execution linkage mechanism,encourage judicial personnel to actively apply relative non-prosecution for the behavior that is not substantially punishable;clarify the legitimate basis for probation,improve the risk assessment mechanism for recidivism,improve the judge’s responsibility system,and expand the application of probation;optimize the allocation of fine penalties and ensure their effective execution.