啶虫·哒螨灵对闽西地区小白菜生长指标、营养物质及保护酶活性的影响

Effects of acetamiprid·pyridaben on growth index,nutrients and protective enzyme activity of pakchoi in western Fujian

[目的]研究常用杀虫剂对小白菜的生长发育及生理影响,以期为科学合理使用农药提供理论依据。[方法]采用盆栽喷雾的试验方法,测定了不同浓度啶虫·哒螨灵对小白菜生长指标、营养物质含量和保护酶活性的影响。[结果]各质量浓度啶虫·哒螨灵处理小白菜后对株高基本没有影响;136 mg a.i./L处理药后20 d鲜质量和干质量显著高于对照;272 mg a.i./L处理药后15、20 d鲜质量和干质量显著低于对照(P<0.05)。可溶性蛋白和抗坏血酸(ASA)含量总体出现先下降后升高的趋势,可溶性蛋白含量在处理后第3天达到最低值,272 mg a.i./L处理药后7 d ASA含量仍显著低于对照,为对照的83.80%;68 mg a.i./L啶虫·哒螨灵处理药后还原糖含量除第3天显著高于对照外其余时间段与对照基本保持同水平,272 mg a.i./L处理药后始终显著低于对照,第5天最低为对照的57.08%。低质量浓度68 mg a.i./L啶虫·哒螨灵处理药后各个时间段小白菜体内的SOD、CAT活性均与对照无显著差异;136、272 mg a.i./L处理药后SOD、CAT活性均在第5天达最大值,SOD分别为113.21、167.70 U/g FW,显著高于对照的89.06 U/g FW,CAT活性分别为对照的218.87%和243.40%。低质量浓度68 mg a.i./L处理小白菜药后POD活性与对照相比呈现先降低后升高的趋势,136 mg a.i./L处理药后第3天升高且显著高于对照,随后下降,到第7天与对照保持平衡;272 mg a.i./L处理药后POD活性从第3天开始升高,第7天达最大值(1606.67 U/g FW),为对照的174.64%。[结论]高质量浓度啶虫·哒螨灵对小白菜生长发育影响较大,在生产上应合理使用此类农药。

[Aims]The effects of commonly used insecticides on the growth and development and physiology of pakchoi were explored to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific and rational use of pesticides.[Methods]The effects of different concentrations of acetamiprid·pyridaben on the growth index,nutrient content and protective enzyme activity of pakchoi were determined by pot spray test.[Results]Different concentrations of acetamiprid·pyridaben had no effect on plant height of pakchoi.The fresh weight and dry weight were significantly higher than those of the control on day 20 after treatment with acetamiprid·pyridaben at 136 mg a.i./L.The fresh weight and dry weight were significantly lower than those of the control(P<0.05)on day 15 or 20 after treatment at 272 mg a.i./L.The content of soluble protein and ascorbic acid(ASA)decreased firstly and then increased,and the content of soluble protein was the lowest on day 3 after treatment.The content of ASA was still significantly lower than that of control(83.80%)on day 7 after treated at 272 mg a.i./L.The content of reduced sugar was basically the same as that of the control except on the 3rd day after treated at 68 mg a.i./L,it remained consistently lower than that of the control at 272 mg a.i./L,with the lowest data on the 5th day being 57.08%of the control.The activities of SOD and CAT in pakchoi treated with acetamiprid·pyridaben at 68 mg a.i./L were not significantly different from the control.The activities of SOD and CAT reached the maximum on the 5th day after treatment with 136 and 272 mg a.i./L,and the SOD was 113.21 and 167.70 U/g FW,which were significantly higher than that of control(89.06 U/g FW),and the CAT activity was 218.87%and 243.40%of the control,respectively.When treated with low concentration of 68 mg a.i./L,the POD activity of pakchoi showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing compared to the control;when treated at 136 mg a.i./L,it increased on day 3 after treatment,significantly higher than that of control,and then decreased to the same level on day 7 after treatment;when treated at 272 mg a.i./L,it increased on day 3 after treatment,and reached the maximum(1606.67 U/g FW)on day 7,which was 174.64%that of the control.[Conclusions]Acetamiprid·pyridaben,having a great influence on the growth and development of pakchoi at high concentration,should be used reasonably in production.