大科学装置推动新材料技术研发的模式和路径——以中国散裂中子源为例

The Model and Path of Promoting New Material Technology Research and Development through Large Scientific Devices:Taking the China Spallation Neutron Source as an Example

为探讨大科学装置在推动我国战略性新兴产业新材料技术研发上的应用和实践,以中国散裂中子源(CSNS)为例,分析CSNS装置及关联机构的建设运行情况,归纳出CSNS支持下新材料技术研发的三种模式:用户自主研发模式、联合多主体协同研发模式、全链条布局创新体系模式。同时,结合新材料技术研发的环节以及CSNS关联创新主体分析发现,CSNS推动新材料技术研发的作用机制,是CSNS谱仪与各创新主体围绕“基础研究—应用研究—中试孵化—产业应用”研发链各环节共同发挥作用而构成的大科学装置创新体系。并从推进相关建设、加强政策布局、建立支持部门三方面,提出提升研究成果数量和水平、提升企业创新能力、解决系统性支持缺失等现存问题的有效对策。

To explore the application and practices of large-scale scientific facility in supporting new material,one of China's strategic emerging industries,adopts the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)as an example.Through analysis of the construction and operation of CSNS facilities and related institutions,it is concluded that three modes of new material development are supported by CSNS,namely self-development of user,co-development among multi-institutions and full-cycle R&D chain innovation system.Analysis of mode of development combined with analysis of process of development and related innovation institutions reveals that CSNS promotes new material technology development via a large-scale facility innovation system which consists of CSNS spectrometer and innovation institutions along the full-cycle R&D chain of"basic research-applied research-pilot incubation--industrial application".Finally,to solve the existing problems of low volume and quality of research outputs,inadequate innovation capability of firms and the lack of systematic support,countermeasures are proposed from the perspective of future development,policy support and institution establishment.