2021—2022年天津市宁河区饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析

Monitoring Results of Drinking Water Endemic Fluorosis in Ninghe District of Tianjin from 2021 to 2022

目的:了解天津市宁河区饮水型氟中毒病区村水中氟含量及儿童氟斑牙患病情况,评价病区村饮水型氟中毒的防治效果。方法:2021—2022年对宁河区41个病区村居民生活饮用水中的氟含量进行检测,同时对在41个病区村出生并居住的8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况进行普查。结果:2021—2022年41个病区村居民生活饮用水的水氟检测结果均为合格,其中,2021和2022年分别有13个和18个病区村饮用水水氟检测结果和儿童氟斑牙患病率均达到国家控制标准,分别占全部病区村的31.7%和43.9%。2021年共对6638名儿童进行了氟斑牙检查,检出氟斑牙儿童3164人,儿童氟斑牙患病率为47.7%;2022年共对6733名儿童进行了氟斑牙检查,检出氟斑牙儿童2715人,儿童氟斑牙患病率为40.3%。2021和2022年病区村儿童氟斑牙患病程度比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=4.581,P<0.01)。2021、2022年病区村氟斑牙指数分别为0.91和0.77,均为极轻度流行。结论:2021—2022年宁河区对饮水型氟中毒病区村开展改水除氟工程后,病区村水氟含量检测结果均达到合格标准,儿童氟斑牙患病率明显降低,但仍存在儿童氟斑牙患病率偏高的情况,氟中毒防治形势依然比较严峻。

OBJECTIVE To find out the fluorine content in the water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children in drinking water fluorosis villages in Ninghe district of Tianjin,and to evaluate the prevention effect of drinking water fluorosis in the villages in the district.METHODS Monitoring of fluoride content in drinking water for residents of 41 sick villages in Ninghe district from 2021 to 2022.At the same time,a census was conducted on the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years born and residing in the 41 villages of the disease area.RESULTS Water fluoride results of residential drinking water in 41 disease area villages are qualified from 2021 to 2022.In 2021 and 2022,the results of fluoride in drinking water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in13 disease areas and 18 disease areas met the national control standards,accounting for 31.7% and 43.9%.In 2021,a total of 6638children were examined for dental fluorosis,of whom 3164 were diagnosed,with a 47.7%prevalence of dental fluorosis.In 2022,a total of 6733 children were examined for dental fluorosis,of whom 2715 were diagnosed,with a 40.3% prevalence of dental fluorosis.Comparison of the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children in villages in 2021 and 2022,with statistically significant differences(Z=4.581,P0.01).In 2021 and 2022,the dental fluorosis index of the villages in the disease area was 0.91 and 0.77,both of which were extremely mildly prevalent.CONCLUSION From 2021 to 2022,after the water re-fluoridation project was carried out in Ninghe district for the villages in the drinking water fluorosis disease area,the results of water fluoride content testing in the disease area villages met the qualified standard.The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children has been significantly reduced,however,there is still a high prevalence of dental fluorosis among children,and the situation of fluorosis prevention and treatment is still rather serious.