中国栉孔扇贝养殖和育种的回顾与展望

Culture and breeding of Chlamys farreri in China:reviews and prospects

栉孔扇贝作为一种双壳贝类,其营养和经济价值较高,在中国海水养殖业中占有重要地位。自20世纪50年代开始,栉孔扇贝养殖产业先后经历了自然采苗、半人工采苗、人工育苗、提纯复壮和新品种培育等过程,逐渐成为中国北方主要的浅海浮筏养殖品种。本文综述了中国栉孔扇贝养殖产业的发展历程,简要总结其养殖和育种过程中存在的问题,并对其今后的发展进行展望。

The scallop Chlamys farreri is a type of bivalve shellfish that has high nutritional and economic value,thereby playing an important role in marine aquaculture in China.Since the 1950s,the C.farreri culture industry has undergone several processes involving the collection of natural seedlings,semi-artificial breeding,artificial breeding,purification and rejuvenation,and cultivation of new varieties.Thus,C.farreri has gradually become the main shallow sea–floating raft culture species in Northern China.In this paper,the development of Chlamys farreri aquaculture industry has been reviewed,briefly summarizing the process-related issues of culture and breeding and discussing the future developmental prospects.