儿童有效参与社区建设与规划的国际经验及启示

International Experience and Enlightenment of Children's Effective Participation in Community Planning and Construction

近年来,儿童友好空间相关研究备受关注,但是在儿童参与的必要性政策、如何在儿童友好社区(儿童友好空间的基本单元)中促进有效的儿童参与式规划编制等方面仍缺乏相关规定和指导机制,这也是当前儿童友好社区建设亟待解决的问题。选取3个儿童有效参与社区建设的国际案例,对参与流程、参与工具、参与成果进行系统分析,结合我国国情及国际经验本土化变革所面临的挑战,围绕“儿童有效参与需要一个怎样的过程并使其长久持续地进行”这一核心要点,重点提出儿童参与层级,并从构建完整机制、分级参与主体、升级参与工具、打通宣传渠道4个方面提出促进儿童有效参与的具体建议,以期为国内儿童有效参与社区建设提供参考。

Although much attention has been paid to the study of child-friendly spaces in recent years,there is still a lack of regulations and guidance mechanisms on"policies on the need for children's participation in planning,and how to promote children's participatory planning in child-friendly communities,the basic unit of child-friendly spaces".This research selects three successful international cases of children's effective participation in community construction,and systematically analyses them from three perspectives:participation process,participation tools,and participation outcomes.Taking into account China's situation and the challenges faced by localized change from international experience,and focusing on"what kind of process is needed for children's effective participation in China and how to make it sustainable in the long run",specific recommendations on constructing a complete mechanism,grading the participants,upgrading the participation tools,and opening up channels of communication are put forward to promote children's effective participation,with a view to providing references for children's effective participation in community construction in China.