否定话语标记“少来”的立场表达与语义浮现

The Discourse Function and Formation of Discourse Marker “ Shaolai ”

文章基于互动视角,考察否定话语标记“少来”的话语分布,探讨其立场表达功能及形成动因与机制。考察发现,“少来”的核心表达功能是否定,受交际双方关系和触发因素等影响,“少来”在具体语境中动态浮现出5种不同的立场表达功能:嗔怪<劝阻<拒绝<反驳<斥责。“少来”来源于“少来+VP”结构,在礼貌原则、语境吸收和韵律等因素的推动下逐渐规约化为一个否定话语标记。在“少来”形成的过程中,“来”在构式压制的作用下也发生了去范畴化而逐渐失去了表位移的功能。此外,文章还对“少来”和“少来这一套”进行了比较分析,发现二者在否定内容、来源等方面存在差异。

This paper studies the discourse function and formative motivations of discourse marker“shaolai(少来)”.It is found that the core function of“shaolai”is to express negation,and influenced by the relationship between the two parties and the trigger factors,“shaolai”dynamically emerges five expressive function of stancetaking including rubuking,retort,refusing,dissuading and false blaming.“Shaolai”comes from“shaolai+VP”,which omits VP,and its formation is influenced by politeness principle,context absorption and metrical factors.In addition,the article also makes a comparative analysis of“shaolai”and“shaolaizheyitao(少来这一套)”,and finds that there are differences between them in negative content,source and so on.