基于热舒适性和能源效率的花园艺术对城市小气候的影响与实证分析

Effect of Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency Based Garden Art on the Urban Microclimate with Empirical Analysis

随着人口增长、城市扩张以及全球变暖,城市地区较高的气温对人类生活的各个方面产生了不同程度的影响,例如人类健康、水消耗、能源使用和空气质量.因此,关注设计对开放空间热舒适度的影响非常重要.本研究旨在探究基于热舒适性和能源效率的花园艺术对城市小气候的影响,并通过实证分析提供科学依据.研究方向是建立城市小气候模拟模型,利用数值模拟和计算流体力学方法,对不同花园艺术设计方案在城市小气候中的影响进行模拟和仿真,以评估其在改善城市热环境和降低能耗方面的效果.首先,在ENVI-met(用于模拟地表植物空气相互作用的整体三维模型)中模拟了一个具有当前基础花园布局的真实小区,并通过将模拟结果与实际测量温度进行比较,验证了ENVI-met模型的可靠性.然后,通过模拟同一CBD区域不同花园设计方案,评估并比较了其对城市小气候和人体热舒适度的差异.最后,将不同的花园设计方案输出到动态建筑能源模拟软件中,以获得案例区域内建筑的能耗数据.研究结果表明,花园艺术的不同设计方案会导致植物在降温、增湿、遮光等方面存在明显差异,从而影响其对热舒适性和能源效率的贡献.这些评估结果可以为城市规划和设计提供科学依据,指导花园艺术设计的选择和优化,以实现更好的热舒适性和能源效率.

With the rapid growth of population,urban expansion,and the challenges of global warming,urban areas have experienced rising temperature,which significantly affects the various aspects of human life,including health,water consumption,energy usage,and air quality.Consequently,there is a pressing need to explore the influence of design on thermal comfort in open spaces.This research aims to investigate the impact of garden art on urban microclimate with a focus on thermal comfort and energy efficiency,and provide empirical evidence to inform scientific decision-making.The research direction involves the establishment of an urban microclimate simulation model.Utilizing numerical simulation and computational fluid dynamics methods,various garden art design solutions are simulated and evaluated to assess their effectiveness in enhancing the urban thermal environment and reducing energy consumption.Firstly,A real urban neighborhood,featuring a representative garden layout,served as the basis for the initial simulation in ENVI-met(a holistic 3D model for simulating surface-plant-air interactions),a comprehensive 3D model was used to simulate the surface-plant-air interactions.The reliability of the ENVI-met model was validated through comparison of simulation results with actual measured temperatures.Subsequently,diverse garden design scenarios were simulated within the same central business district(CBD)area to evaluate and compare their effects on urban microclimate and human thermal comfort.Additionally,a dynamic building energy simulation software was employed to obtain energy consumption data for the buildings in the case area,and integrate the influence of various garden art designs.The study s findings indicate that different garden art design options can significantly influence cooling,humidification,and shading of plants,and consequently impact the thermal comfort and energy efficiency.These results offer a scientific basis for urban planning and design,guiding the selection and optimization of garden art designs to enhance thermal comfort and energy efficiency in urban environments.