旅游型乡村空间活力的分布特征及其影响机制:基于多源数据的宏村实证分析

Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Mechanism of Spatial Vitality of Tourist Villages:An Empirical Analysis of Hongcun Village Based on Multi-source Data

乡村空间活力评价已成为近年来的研究热点。文章采用大数据(由百度热力图提供的小时人流数据)和现场观测数据作为表征宏村空间活力的指标,利用贝叶斯结构方程模型(Bayesian-SEM)检验了兴趣点(POI)的密度、便捷度、可达性,以及街道步行可达性和开放空间品质5个方面对宏村旅游空间活力(用户密度与稳定性)的影响。结果表明:(1)宏村空间活力在工作日与节假日的分布表现出相似的聚类特征,活力核心区往往集中在重要的景点与滨水地段。(2)POI便捷度对宏村空间活力的正向影响最强,而POI密度的影响则不显著。(3)植被指数对宏村空间活力产生了显著的正向影响。研究结果可为以空间活力为导向的乡村旅游空间规划与再开发提供科学依据与启示。

The evaluation of rural spatial vitality has become the focus of researches in recent years.However,the data traditionally used to quantify it are often subjective,costly,and laborious to procure.This study took the advantage of big data and adopted hourly Baidu heat map(BHM)data combined with field observation data as a proxy for portraying rural tourism vitality.It tested the density,convenience,accessibility of Point-of-Interest(POI),and the walking accessibility of street networks and the impact of the quality of open space of Hongcun village on the density and stability of tourism space users,and used Bayesian-SEM to test five hypotheses of the relationship about the above five aspects and the vitality.The results show that:(1)the distribution of vitality of Hongcun village shows similar clustering characteristics on weekdays and holidays,and the core area of vitality is usually concentrated in important scenic spots and waterfront area;(2)POI convenience has the strongest positive impact on the vitality,while POI density has no significant impact;(3)in contrast to the urban environment,the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)of Hongcun village has a significant positive impact on the vitality.The findings can provide scientific basis and insights for the vitality-oriented spatial planning and redevelopment of rural tourism.