智能经济条件下劳动过程的新变化——基于马克思主义劳动过程理论

New Changes in Labor Process Under the Condition of Intelligent Economy: Based on Marxist Labor Process Theory

智能经济深刻影响企业的直接生产过程。要认识劳动过程的新变化必须以马克思主义劳动过程理论为指导,其理论框架包括要素组织、过程管理和所有制关系。在智能经济条件下,劳动过程的要素构成和技术组织形式呈现出一系列智能化特征。社会组织形式的新变化一方面表现为劳动协作的数字化、分散化和扩大化,另一方面表现为智能经济对私有企业雇佣关系和公有企业录用关系的不同影响。劳动过程的要素运动、劳动者技能的变化以及其主体性的彰显等在不同企业中也存在较大差异。对劳动过程的管理而言,智能技术使科层制高效化、制度算法化、企业文化灵活化。在所有制关系中,委托代理关系的监督成本下降,信息不对称问题弱化;管理关系的组织协调更高效,劳动监督更严格;私有企业中劳动者竞争加剧,公有企业中劳动竞赛的意愿提高。

Intelligent economy has a profound impact on the direct production process of enterprises.To understand the new changes in the labor process must be guided by Marxist Labor Process Theory.Its theoretical framework includes factor organization,process management and relations of ownership.Under the condition of intelligent economy,the elements of labor process and the form of technical organization show a series of intelligent characteristics.The new changes in the form of social organization,on the one hand,are reflected in the digitalization,decentralization and expansion of labor cooperation.On the other hand,it shows the different influence of intelligent economy on the employment relationship of private enterprises and public enterprises.As for the movement of elements in the labor process,there are also great differences between different enterprises in the change of workers’skills and the manifestation of their subjectivity.For the management of labor process,intelligent technology makes bureaucracy efficient,system algorithmic and corporate culture flexible.In the relations of ownership,the supervision cost of the principal-agent relationship has decreased,and the problem of information asymmetry has weakened.The organization and coordination of management relations are more efficient,and labor supervision is stricter.The competition among workers in private enterprises has intensified,and the willingness of labor competition in public enterprises has increased.