中药配方颗粒难溶性物质与高分子化合物的红外光谱分析

Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of Insoluble Ingredients and Polymer Compounds in Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules

目的:建立中药配方颗粒所含难溶性物质和高分子化合物的红外光谱分析方法。方法:将中药配方颗粒样品溶于热水,分离沉淀,溶液部分用三氯甲烷萃取,剩余水层进行醇沉处理。红外光谱检测不同溶剂分离部位,通过官能团解析、化合物比对等识别难溶性物质和高分子化合物。结果:本研究所使用中药配方颗粒均检出高分子辅料,普遍添加麦芽糊精,个别含聚氧化乙烯。中药配方颗粒的难溶性物质较为复杂,有硅胶、硬脂酸钙、麦芽糊精等辅料成分,也有草酸盐、硅酸盐、蛋白质、多糖等饮片成分。有些配方颗粒会同时添加多种辅料。结论:红外光谱结合溶剂分离可以快速检测中药配方颗粒所含难溶性物质和高分子化合物,识别辅料种类,为中药配方颗粒质量评价提供更丰富的化学成分信息。

Objective:The infrared spectroscopic analysis of insoluble ingredients and polymer compounds in traditional Chinese medicine formula granules was developed.Methods:The traditional Chinese medicine formula granules were dissolved in hot water,and then the sediment and the solution were separated.The solution was extracted by chloroform,while the remained aqueous solution was precipitated by ethanol.The infrared spectra of the extracts by different solvents were measured.The insoluble ingredients and polymer compounds were identified by the functional group interpretation and the reference compound comparison.Results:Polymer excipients were detected in all formula granules used in this research.The addition of maltodextrin was common,while the addition of polyethylene oxide was also found.The insoluble ingredients of the formula granules were complex.Some sediments contained excipients such as silica gel,calcium stearate,and maltodextrin,while others contained oxalate,silicate,protein,and polysaccharide from the decoction pieces.Some formula granules contained multiple excipients.Conclusion:The insoluble ingredients and polymer compounds in traditional Chinese medicine formula granules can be detected quickly by infrared spectroscopy combined with solvent fractionation,and excipients can be identified.Therefore,more chemical information can be obtained for the quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules.