药用植物化感自毒作用及消减措施

Allelopathic Autotoxicity of Medicinal Plants and Reduction Measures

化感自毒作用是药用植物连作障碍的主要成因,已造成严重经济损失。对药用植物化感自毒作用的研究进展进行系统综述,阐述了化感物质对药用植物生长发育的主要影响机制,如影响药用植物光合作用、水和矿质元素吸收、细胞结构、土壤酶活性及土壤微生物区系等;提出选育优良栽培品种、合理施用有机类肥料及建立合理的耕作制度等药用植物化感自毒作用的防治措施,为消减化感自毒作用、提高作物产量、促进我国中药材种植业可持续发展提供参考。

Allelopathic autotoxicity is the main cause affecting the continuous cropping of medicinal plants,which has caused serious economic losses.The research progress of allelopathic autotoxicity of medicinal plants was systematically reviewed,and the main influence mechanisms of allelochemicals on the growth and development of medicinal plants were summarized,including the effects on photosynthesis of medicinal plants,water and mineral element absorption,cell structure,soil enzyme activity,and soil microbes.The reduction measures of allelopathic autotoxicity of medicinal plants were introduced,including selecting and breeding defensive cultivars,applying organic fertilizers,and establishing a reasonable farming system.This review provides a reference for reducing allelopathic autotoxicity,improving crop yield,and promoting the sustainable cultivation of medicinal plants in China.