我国数字素养教育政策的演进脉络与结构特征

Evolution and Structural Characteristics of China’s Digital Literacy Education Policy

文章基于公共政策变迁过程理论,以我国数字素养教育政策为研究对象,借助Nvivo12质性分析和SPSS统计分析软件,对2002—2022年87份我国数字素养教育政策的颁布时间和政策主体进行量化统计和交互分析。研究发现:我国数字素养教育政策演进以促进全体人民全面发展为立足点,以经济社会发展现实需要为切入点,以构建终身数字学习体系为突破点,以普惠共享城乡协调融合为着力点。在政策空白阶段,主要聚焦基础设施建设和教育信息化,数字素养教育未得到关注;在早期探索阶段,主要聚焦数字资源平台建设,数字公民培养开始受到关注;在政策初创阶段,正式提出“数字素养”概念,开始数字素养教育探索,聚焦数字政府建设和老年群体数字素养教育,并逐步建立督导机制;在全面发展阶段,数字素养教育专项政策文件不断发布,正式界定了数字素养教育内涵,公民数字素养教育全面铺开,并初步融入教育、乡村振兴、社区治理等领域,强调构建终身数字学习体系。未来促进数字素养教育全领域深度融合是重要议题方向,应进一步推动数字素养教育政策与经济、社会、生活等领域融合,以数字素养教育为契机,加快数字社会适老化改造和企业数字化转型,提升高效率数字工作能力,促进全民数字素养提升目标的更好实现。

Based on the theory of public policy change,this paper takes China's digital literacy education policies as the research object.With the help of Nvivo12 qualitative analysis and SPSS statistical analysis software,it conducts quantitative statistics and interactive analysis on the enactment time and policy subjects of 87 Chinese digital literacy education policies from 2002 to 2022.The study finds that the evolution of China's digital literacy education policy is based on promoting the all-round development of all people,taking the practical needs of economic and social development as the entry point,building a lifelong digital learning system as the breakthrough point,and focusing on the coordinated integration of urban and rural areas for shared benefits.At the policy gap stage,the main focus was on infrastructure development and the application of information technology in education,and digital literacy education did not receive much attention;at the early exploration stage,the focus was on building digital resource platforms,and attention was paid to the development of digital citizens;at the initial policy-making stage,the concept of"digital literacy"was formally introduced,and the exploration of digital literacy education began,focusing on the construction of digital government and digital literacy education for the elderly and a supervisory mechanism was gradually established.At the stage of comprehensive policy development,specific policies on digital literacy education were issued to formally define the connotation of digital literacy education,and digital literacy education for citizens was fully rolled out,initially integrated into education,rural revitalisation,community governance and other fields,and emphased the construction of a lifelong digital learning system.Promoting the deep integration of all-field digital literacy education will be an important issue in the future.Therefore,it should further strengthen the integration of digital literacy education policies into the economy,society and life,accelerate the transformation of an elderly friendly digital society and the digital transformation of enterprises by seizing the opportunity of digital literacy education,and enhance the ability to work efficiently and digitally,so as to better achieve the goal of improving digital literacy for all.