我国公共数字文化服务政策文本量化研究

A Quantitative Study of Public Digital Cultural Service Policies in China

公共数字文化服务的实施与治理离不开公共政策的引导和规范,剖析相关政策的内容结构能为政策优化、参与主体协同推进提供参考。文章构建“政策工具—政策参与主体”二维分析框架,对84份关键的公共数字文化服务政策进行量化分析,发现存在政策工具应用全面但不够均衡、供给型政策工具中人才培养和资金投入不足、环境型政策工具偏弱且效果评价方式单一、需求型政策工具对政府依赖严重、公益性文化事业单位参与多元但作用有限、公众和基层社区主体地位不够突出等问题。文章建议:形成全方位的政策工具组合格局,在发挥好各级政府作用前提下号召社会力量参与人才培养和资金投入,建立全方位效果评估机制,多手段激发社会主体参与。

The implementation and governance of public digital cultural services cannot be achieved without the guidance and regulation of public policies.Analyzing the content structure of relevant policies can provide a reference for optimizing policies and promoting the coordination of participants.This study develops a twodimensional analysis framework of"policy tool-policy participant",coding and performing a quantitative analysis of the texts and structures of 84 key digital cultural service policies.The study suggests that the use of policy tools is extensive but unbalanced;talent training and financial investment in supply-based policy tools are insufficient;environment-based policy tools are weak and have only one way to evaluate their effectiveness;demand-based policy tools rely heavily on the government,the participation of public welfare cultural institutions is diverse but their role is limited,and the primary role of public and grassroots communities is not prominent enough.Therefore,this paper proposes to establish a comprehensive portfolio of policy tools,to call on social forces to engage in talent training and funding,to establish an all-round effectiveness evaluation mechanism,and to stimulate the engagement of social actors in various ways,while giving full play to the role of governments at all levels.