进气唇口构型对小型电驱式涵道风扇性能影响研究

Investigation on the Influence of Inlet Lip Configuration on the Performance of Small Electric Driven Ducted Fan

电驱涵道风扇因其低油耗,更加符合航空绿色、高效、安全的发展目标。开展电驱动涵道风扇动力研究具有重要的工程实践意义。文章首先使用数值模拟方法对4种不同唇口构型的涵道风扇性能进行研究,并搭建动力测试平台进行验证,在回流风洞中对不同唇口构型的涵道风扇进行推力测试,研究不同唇口构型对小型电驱涵道风扇气动性能的影响。研究结果表明:不同唇口构型涵道风扇的气动差异较明显;涵道风扇唇口半径增大使涵道进气量增大进而增加涵道推力,但过大的唇口半径在较大风速(31 m/s以上)时会增加涵道风扇的风阻,在流场上表现为涵道唇口处产生漩涡结构,影响涵道风扇的气动性能;在100%油门开度、14.2 m/s风速时,相比于内敛式进气唇口,喇叭状、外扩式进气唇口构型的净推力分别提高了17.58%、12.77%;在49.3 m/s风速时,喇叭状进气唇口的风阻相比内敛式进气唇口的增加了14.85%。

Electric drive duct fan is the research frontier of future aviation green,efficient and safe development due to its great advantage of low fuel consumption.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to study the power of electric drive duct fans.This paper analyzed four types of duct fans with different lip configurations first by numerical simulation method.Then a dynamic test platform was established to verify the results.Finally,thrust tests were carried out on duct fans with different lip configurations in a reflux tunnel to study the effect of lip configurations on the aerodynamic performance of small electric drive duct fans. The results show that the aerodynamic difference between the duct fans with different lip configurations is obvious. The increase of the radius of the lip of the duct fans leads to the increase of the intake volume and thus the increase of the thrust. However, too large lip radius at high wind speed (over 31m/s) will increase the wind resistance of the duct fan, which is manifested as vortex structure at the duct lip in the flow field, affecting the aerodynamic performance of the duct fan. At 100% throttle and a wind speed of 14.2 m/s, the net thrust of the trumpet shape and outward-expanded shape intake lip configurations is increased by 17.58% and 12.77%, respectively, compared with the inward shape intake lip configurations. At the wind speed of 49.3 m/s, the resistance of the trumpet shape intake lip is increased by 14.85% com-pared with that of the inward shape intake lip.