液相还原法制备单分散纳米金与纳米银颗粒

Preparation of Monodisperse Gold and Silver Nanoparticles by Liquid Phase Reduction Method

以氯金酸和硝酸银为原料,水合肼为还原剂,明胶为分散剂,采用液相还原法制备了平均粒径分别约为50 nm和45 nm的单分散球状纳米金与纳米银颗粒。利用紫外分光光度计(UV-vis)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等分析测试设备对所得到的纳米金与纳米银颗粒进行了表征,探讨了在纳米金与纳米银颗粒制备过程中工艺参数条件对纳米金与纳米银颗粒结构和性能的影响。结果表明:所得到的纳米金与纳米银粒度分布均匀;前驱体溶液用量、还原剂用量和明胶溶液用量等对纳米金与纳米银的粒径与形貌影响较大,随着前驱体溶液溶用量、还原剂用量和明胶溶液用量的增加,纳米颗粒的粒径呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,当明胶溶液用量为5 mL、前驱体溶液用量为2 mL、水合肼用量为2 mL时,所制备纳米金与纳米银的平均粒径最小。

Monodispersed and spherical gold nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles with average size about 50 nm and 45 nm respectively,were synthesized by chemical reduction method using gelatin as the protective agents,chloroauric acid solution and silver nitrate as metal source,hydrazine hydrate as reducing agents.UV-vis spectrum(UV-vis),X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),flourier transform infrared spectrometer(FT-IR)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)were used to check the as-prepared gold and silver nanoparticles.Some influencing factors in the process of preparation of gold and silver nanoparticles are briefly discussed.The results show that the prepared gold and silver nanoparticles are small in size with narrow distribution.The amounts of precursor solution,reducing agent and gelatin solution play important roles in the size and morphologies of gold and silver nanoparticles.As the amount of precursor solution,reducing agents and gelatin solution increased,the particles size showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.The optimized processing parameters in this research for preparation of gold and silver nanoparticles can be obtained when the consumption of gelatin solution,precursor solution,and reducing agent is 5,2 and 2 mL,respectively.