兴化湾海上风电场建设前后大型底栖动物群落变化

Macrobenthos community changes before and after the construction of offshore wind farm in Xinghua Bay

本研究基于2012年、2018年和2019年春秋季对兴化湾调查数据并结合历史资料,分析兴化湾海域海上风电建设前后,大型底栖动物多样性及优势种变化,探讨可能造成变化的原因。结果表明,从1985年至2019年,在海上风电工程建设后短时间内,大型底栖动物的生存环境受到一定程度的扰动,优势种主要以环节动物多毛类为主,其他类别例如软体动物小海螂(Leptomya sp.)、棱角贝(Gadila dominguensis)、节肢动物模糊新短眼蟹(Neoxenophthalmus obscurus)、棘皮动物棘刺锚参(Protankyra bidentata)、洼颚倍棘蛇尾[Amphioplus(Lymanella)depressus]等交替出现。随着时间的变化,兴化湾大型底栖动物优势种整体趋于小型化,以抗干扰能力强的多毛类为主,其优势地位恢复较快,大型底栖动物在应对环境变化后具有自我恢复的能力。

Based on the surveys with historical data of Xinghua Bay in spring and autumn of 2012,2018 and 2019,this paper analyzes the changes of macrobenthic diversity and dominant species and discusses the possible causes of changes before and after the setup of offshore wind farm(OWF)in Xinghua Bay.Results show that from 1985 to 2019,in short time period after the OWF setup,the habitat of macrobenthos has been disturbed to a certain extent.The dominant species were polychaetes,at the same time,species such as Leptomya sp.,Gadila dominguensis,Neoxenophthalmus obscurus,Protankyra bidentate and Amphioplus(Lymanella)depressus etc.appeared alternately.With the changing time,the dominant species of macrobenthos in Xinghua Bay tended to be miniaturized as a whole and most polychaetes of strong anti-interference ability dominated the areas rapidly.It shows that macrobenthos can have the ability to recover themselves responding to environmental changes.