机场道面抢修中测试技术的对比分析

Comparative analysis of testing technologies in airfield pavement emergency repair

受损道面的快速修复能力是战时制约空军战斗力生成的重要因素,抢修过程中的测试技术是体现此能力的重要方面,但目前的测试技术无法满足使用需求.针对于此,基于理论分析和测试实践对机场道面抢修中修复范围确定、结构承载力和道面表面特性测试等关键步骤的测试技术进行了对比分析,并提出发展建议.结果表明,目测法、激光水平仪和激光扫平仪法存在测试过程繁琐、误差可能性大和无法快速精确确定高程偏差等问题,更优的方法是定制强光下15 m内光线清晰可见的激光器,同时集成激光测距仪;重型落锤式弯沉仪(heavy weight deflectometer, HWD)和飞机荷载模拟加载车法适用于最终承载力的验证,不适于抢修过程中的测试;动态圆锥贯入仪(dynamic cone penetrometer, DCP)法存在测试过程不够简单、测试结果需进一步计算等缺点,更优的方法是采用轻型落锤式弯沉仪(light weight deflectometer,LWD)测试动态变形模量作为评价指标;摩擦系数测试车法和激光平整度仪法不适于抢修道面测试,摆式仪法和三米直尺法可用于小范围抢修道面测试,更优的方法是开发基于智能手机的抗滑性能和平整度联合测试方法.研究结果可为提高机场道面抢修效率提供技术支撑.

The rapid repair capability of damaged pavement is an important factor that restricts the generation of air force combat effectiveness in wartime,and the testing technology in the process of emergency repair is an important aspect to reflect the capability,but the current testing technologies cannot meet the use requirements.Based on theoretical analysis and testing practice,the test technologies of committed step in airport pavement emergency repair,such as determination of repair scope,testing of structural bearing capacity and pavement surface characteristics,are compared and analyzed in this study,and suggestions for future development are put forward.The results show that the methods of visual inspection,laser level gauge and laser sweeper still have some problems,such as cumbersome testing process,large possibility of error,and inability to quickly and accurately determine the elevation deviation.The better method is to customize the laser with clear light within 15 meters under strong light,and integrate the laser rangefinder;the heavy weight deflectometer and aircraft load simulation loading vehicle method are are suitable for verifying the final bearing capacity in peacetime research,and are not suitable for testing during wartime rush repair.The dynamic cone penetrometer method has shortcomings such as insufficient simplicity in the testing process and the need for further calculation.The better method is to use the light weight deflectometer to test the dynamic deformation modulus as an evaluation index.The friction coefficient test car method and the laser flatness instrument method are not suitable for emergency repair pavement testing.The portable pendulum tester method and the three-meter ruler method can be used for small-scale repair road surface performance testing.A better method is to develop a joint test method for skid resistance and flatness based on smart phones.The research results can provide technical supports for improving the efficiency of airport pavement repair.