能源转型背景下中国与印度尼西亚电力合作分析与展望

An Analysis and Prospect of China-Indonesia Power Cooperation inEnergy Transition

电力供应保障是一个国家民生和工业的基础,是国家经济社会发展的关键领域。印度尼西亚尚未完全实现电力普遍供应,快速的经济增长需要与之相匹配的电力供应作为保障,电力供应短缺仍是印度尼西亚经济社会发展中迫切需要解决的难题之一,这也为中国与印度尼西亚开展电力合作提供了契机。中国与印度尼西亚在煤电、水电领域已进行了卓有成效的合作。当前,印度尼西亚电力产业对煤炭依赖程度较高,仍面临着能源转型的严峻挑战。中国宣布将大力支持发展中国家能源绿色低碳发展,不再新建境外煤电项目。中国与印度尼西亚在能源转型背景下的电力能源合作具有历史基础和现实机遇,伴随着印度尼西亚政府加大对电力基础设施建设的投入和放宽对外资进入的限制,明确电力能源领域合作范围和不断拓展电力能源合作空间,为推动更多的中国直接投资进入印度尼西亚电力合作领域提供了制度保障。随着印度尼西亚能源法律政策的调整,中资企业可将水电、地热发电、光伏发电及电网建设等领域作为电力能源合作重点,合作方式可从电力工程承包扩展到电力项目投资,从而在国际竞争中拓宽与印度尼西亚电力能源合作的广度和深度,并促进印度尼西亚能源转型。

As the foundation of a country's livelihood and industry,power supply security is a key area of national economic and social development.Indonesia has not fully realized the universal supply of electricity,and the power supply shortage is still one of the urgent problems in Indonesia's economic and social development.The fact that rapid economic growth needs to be guaranteed by the matched power supply provides an opportunity for China and Indonesia to carry out power cooperation.China and Indonesia have achieved fruitful cooperation in the fields of coal power and hydropower.Currently,Indonesia's power industry is highly dependent on coal and still faces the serious challenge of energy transition.China announced that it would vigorously support the development of green and low-carbon energy in developing countries and would not build any new coal power projects overseas.In the context of the energy transition,the power and energy cooperation between China and Indonesia has a historical foundation and realistic opportunities.The Indonesian government has increased investment in power infrastructure construction,relaxed restrictions on foreign investment,clarified the scope of cooperation in the field of power and energy,and continued to expand the space for power and energy cooperation,which has provided a systematic guarantee for China's increasingdirect investment in the field of power cooperation in Indonesia.With the adjustment of Indonesia's energy laws and policies,Chinese enterprises can take hydropower,geothermal power generation,photovoltaic power generation and grid construction as the priority of power energy cooperation,and the cooperation mode can be extended from contracting power projects to investing in power projects,so as to broaden the breadth and depth of power energy cooperation with Indonesia in international competition and promote Indonesia's energy transition.