考虑电动汽车聚合调控的配电网储能优化配置

Optimal allocation of energy storage in distribution network considering aggregate regulation of electric vehicles

灵活负荷如电动汽车的调控是增强电网运行灵活性的新兴手段,然而在储能规划阶段常被忽视。对此,本文提出考虑电动汽车聚合调控的配电网储能优化配置方法。首先,计及抵达时间、离开时间和期望电量等特征参数刻画单个电动汽车的运行域,进而基于电动汽车闵可夫斯基和得到充电站的二阶近似实用模型,用于刻画电动汽车聚合调控特性;然后,建立采用支路虚拟电阻表征充放电损耗的储能运行模型;进一步,提出基于K-Medoids场景生成算法与Benders分解算法的储能规划-运行两阶段随机优化方法。最后,算例以改进IEEE-33节点配电系统为例进行分析,结果表明电动汽车可控比例升高,储能配置的总容量会随之增大,碳排放量会显著减少,光伏利用率会明显提高。

The regulation of flexible loads,such as electric vehicles,is an emerging means of enhancing the power grid operation flexibility;however,it is often overlooked in the energy storage planning stage.Therefore,this article proposes an optimized configuration method for energy storage in distribution networks that considers the aggregation regulation of electric vehicles.First,the operation domain of a single electric vehicle was characterized by taking into account the arrival time,departure time,expected electricity,and other characteristic parameters.Then,a second-order approximate practical model of the charging station was obtained based on the Hermann-Minkowski sum of electric vehicles,which was used to characterize the aggregation regulation characteristics of electric vehicles.An energy storage operation model that used branch virtual resistors to characterize charging and discharging losses was established.Furthermore,a two-stage stochastic optimization method for energy storage planning operation was proposed based on the K-Medoids scene generation and Bender's decomposition algorithms.The results based on the improved IEEE-33 node distribution system showed that as the controllable proportion of electric vehicles increased,the total capacity of energy storage configuration would increase,carbon emissions be significantly reduced,and photovoltaic utilization efficiency be significantly improved.