康德伦理学的隐秘玩笑:对格林式解读的分析与批判

On the Secret Joke in Kant s Ethics——The Analysis and Critique on Greene s Interpretation

格林对于康德伦理学作出了一种全新的阐释,他认为康德的义务论的根基并不是理性,而应该是情感。这种属于人的自然能力的情感能够提供行为是否正当的标准,而且由于情感的内在特性,它相当于是一种道德直觉。格林从情感主义与直觉主义的角度所作出的这种阐释与传统的理解形成对立,有的研究者从道德心理学的角度对这种立场提出质疑,也有的研究者坚持认为康德的道德哲学是以理性慎思为基础的。整体来看,格林的这种解读过于激进。康德伦理学确实蕴含着一定的情感主义以及直觉主义要素,这对其道德理论是极为有益的补充,但是他根本上仍然是一名理性主义者。随着当代直觉主义的发展,能够看到康德伦理学中所蕴含的这些丰富的维度,对其进行深入探究,有助于我们形成更加完善的认识。

Greene puts forward a new interpretation on Kant s Ethics.He assumes the ground of Kant s Ethics is not reason,but feelings.The feelings belong to the human s natural faculty and can be the standard on the rightness of action.In terms of the character of the feelings,they are equal to the moral intuitions.Greene s interpretation from the point of sentimentalism opposes the traditional understanding.Some scholars doubt it in view of moral psychology,and some researchers insist reason and its prudence are the base of Kant s ethics.This paper doesn t agree on Greene s radical interpretation,but acknowledges a few of elements of intuitionism are indeed included in Kant s ethics.These elements are helpful and necessary for Kant s deontology,but Kant is essentially a rationalist.On the pace of the progress of modern intuitionism,we can find multiple dimensions in Kant s ethics.This deep investigation can help us understand it more completely.