全面抗战前民团整编中的权力争夺——以湖北省为中心

The Struggle for Power in the Reorganization of the Civil Corps Before the Total Resistance Against Japanese Aggression——With Focus on Hubei Province

全面抗战前,为了消灭中共革命武装力量,蒋介石意图通过民团的整编,达到在“剿匪”区省份扩张自身权力的目的。通过采取组建保安团队与整顿保安经费等措施,蒋介石在扩张自身的权力、强化省政府对民团的管理、实现保安经费由省统收统支等方面都取得了一定成效,从而为建立并巩固个人的独裁统治奠定了基础。但纵观全面抗战前整个民团整编的过程,由于深受地方势力与技术性思维等因素的影响,一定程度上制约了蒋介石扩张自身权力的步伐。归根结底,正是因为党权与政权受到掣肘,整编民团遂成为拥有军权的蒋介石在争夺国家统治权时的必然选择,其结果是造成国民党政权日益深陷“党系于政、政系于军”的困境而不能自拔。这一过程浓缩了南京国民政府内部党权、政权、军权三者博弈的事实。

Before the total resistance against Japanese aggression,in the name of eliminating the revolutionary armed forces of The CPC,Chiang Kai-shek intended to expand his power in the provinces of the“bandit suppression”area through the reorganization of the civil corps.By adopting measures such as setting up security teams and reorganizing security funds,Chiang Kai-shek has achieved considerable results in expanding his own power,strengthening the provincial government s management of the civil corps,and realizing that the security funds are collected and spent by the province.However,due to the influence of local forces and technical thinking and other factors,the expansion of power is restricted to a certain extent.In the final analysis,it is precisely because of the constraints of party power and political power that the reorganization of the civil corps becomes the inevitable choice when Chiang Kai-shek,who has military power,fights for the rule of the country.