农地流转行为的空间依赖性及影响因素研究——基于学习效应视角

Study on the Spatial Dependence and Influence Factor of Farmland Transfer Behavior:A Learning Effect Perspective

综合考量农地流转过程中流转意愿和流转行为的影响因素,并突出强调农地流转各参与主体之间的学习效应对进一步推进农地高质高效流转具有重要意义。本文基于2015—2018年中国30个省份面板数据,从农地流转契约、农地流转形式和农地流转交易主体三个维度探究农地流转行为的空间依赖性及影响因素,结果表明,各维度农地流转行为在空间依赖关系上呈现一定的差异性。本文进一步采用空间杜宾模型并借助偏微分方法分析农地流转行为的影响因素,结果表明,农地流转行为的空间依赖性主要受内生交互效应和外生交互效应影响,两种效应产生影响的空间依赖性存在差异,外生影响因素(如非农就业水平)对不同农地流转行为的直接效应和溢出效应也存在差异。本文不仅丰富了农地流转行为空间效应的研究,还为完善我国农地流转制度提供了微观基础。

This paper explores the spatial dependence of farmland transfer behavior,and makes empirical tests in dimensions of contract,form and transaction subjects.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)in China from 2015 to 2018,this paper finds that the spatial dependence of farmland transfer behavior in each dimension is variable.In order to analyze the influence mechanism of farmland transfer behavior,this paper further adopts spatial Durbin model(SDM)and partial differential method to decompose the direct effect and spatial spillover effect of characteristic variables on transfer behavior.The results show that the spatial dependence has two features of positive autocorrelation and random distribution,and there is obvious heterogeneity in behavior and time rules.The spatial dependence is mainly affected by endogenous and exogenous interaction effects.The former refers to the influence of farmland transfer behavior in neighboring provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions),while the latter is the influence of external factors that affect the price of farmland transfer and the flow of demanders in neighboring provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions).There are differences in the spatial dependence of the two effects on different farmland transfer behaviors,and there are also differences in the direct effects and spatial spillovers of exogenous factors(such as non-agricultural employment level)on different farmland transfer behaviors.The results show that farmland transfer policies should be formulated according to the spatial dependence of different farmland transfer behaviors based on the learning effect theory,so as to promote the effective farmland transfer,improve the efficiency of rural land resource utilization,and realize agricultural modernization.In the process of farmland transfer,land resources are transferred to more efficient entities and market-oriented operations are carried out,which improves the profits of relevant entities,including land owners and contractors.The value of land resources is more fully manifested,rural areas are more abundant,and agricultural economy is further developed,thereby promoting the development of national agriculture.Moreover,the farmland transfer has enabled the release of rural labor bound to the land,allowing more rural labor to enter cities.The increase in non agricultural income of farmers has changed their income structure,reduced the urban-rural income gap,and promoted the integration of urban and rural development.Exploring and studying the spatial dependence and impact mechanism of farmland transfer behavior can reveal the micro level impact of the entire system,which has a guiding role in deepening the land transfer system and promoting corresponding reforms.The research content of this article is not only a enrichment and supplement to existing research on farmland transfer,but also an effective attempt and practical test to apply spatial economic theory to the behavior of farmland transfer in China.