人工智能时代学校教育审视:以批判教育学为方法

Examine of School Education in the Era of Artificial Intelligence:Taking Critical Pedagogy as the Method

人工智能作为人的智能模拟、延伸和扩展的智能,已经具有多种类人能力。作为一种高度发达,且正在高速发展的技术,人工智能不仅具有革命性和颠覆性,而且具有巨大的不确定性。人们对人工智能时代学校教育的乐观想象与风险警惕并存。批判教育学之“批判”是理念、态度,也是方法。以批判教育学为方法审视人工智能时代学校教育的样态可以发现,人工智能技术将成为学校和社会的结构性因素,学校教育中的权力关系更为隐蔽和复杂,算法技术是规训人的新型力量。批判教育学启示我们,人工智能时代学校教育的发展应该以批判性地洞察技术背后的权力关系为前提,在关系分析的基础上确定人工智能技术的发展方向,并引导师生成为具有批判意识与抵制能力的技术掌控者。

Artificial intelligence,as the simulation,extension,and expansion of human intelligence,has already possessed multiple types of human abilities.As a highly developed and rapidly developing technology,artificial intelligence is not only revolutionary and disruptive,but also has enormous uncertainty.The optimistic imagination and cautious vigilance of school education in the artificial intelligence era coexist.The“criticism”of critical pedagogy is not only the idea,the attitude,but also the method.Using critical pedagogy as a method to examine the state of school education in the era of artificial intelligence,it can be found that,artificial intelligence technology will become a structural factor in schools and society,the power relationship in school education is more hidden and complex,algorithm technology is a new force for disciplining people.Critical pedagogy inspires us that the development of school education in the era of artificial intelligence should be based on a critical insight into the power relationships behind technology.We should determine the development direction of artificial intelligence technology based on relationship analysis,and guide teachers and students to become technical masters with critical awareness and resistance ability.