契嵩“心”本体的建立与诠释

Qi Song’s Establishment of“Heart”as Ontology and the Interpretation

契嵩的“心”本体是在宋代儒释会通的语境下建立和展开的。首先,契嵩将“心”这一概念抽象化、超越化、普遍化,说明其横竖周遍、绝言离相、非空非有、不可思议的外部情状和灵觉、寂净、圆融的内在特征,构建起“心”的形而上基础;其次,契嵩以儒家“性情”概念作为前理解,对性与情所做的规定,解释说明了心的基本特性,“性”指向了心的真如不变,而“情”的存在则解释了心的圆融义;最后以华严法界观为认识方法,解释了清净无漏的“心”本体与世间生灭法的关系,并为儒释对话提供了思想支点,解决了心的归依问题,完成理论的逻辑闭环。

Qi Song’s“heart”ontology was established and developed in the context of the integration between Confucianism and Buddhism in the Song Dynasty.First of all,Qi Song made it abstract,transcended and generalized,explaining the omnipresent,absolute and detached,non-empty and non-existential feature of the external conditions and the spiritual awareness,tranquil and harmonious characteristics of the internal feature.This explanation build the metaphysical foundation of“heart”.Secondly,using the Confucian concept of“temperament”as a preunderstanding,Qi Song explained the basic characteristics of the heart through the provisions on nature and emotion.“Nature”points to the unchanging truth of the heart,while the existence of“emotion”explains the harmonious meaning of the heart.Finally,using the Huayan Dharma Realm view as the cognitive method,he elaborated on the relationship between the pure and leak free mind noumenon and the worldly birth and death laws.It provides a theoretical point for the dialogue between Confucianism and Buddhism,and solved the problem of mind attachment,completing the logical loop of the theory.