高能辐射预处理燕麦青贮饲料对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of high energy irradiation pretreatment of oat silage on growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients and serum biochemical indexes of beef cattle

文章旨在探究高能辐射预处理燕麦青贮饲料对肉牛生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响。试验将200头体重相近、健康状况良好的肉牛随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头。肉牛饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,不同辐射预处理的燕麦青贮饲料按照4.0%的比例加入基础日粮中,对照组辐射总剂量为0 kGy,试验I、II和III组的辐射总剂量分别为100、300和500 kGy。预饲期7 d,正试期90 d。研究发现,相比于未进行辐射处理的燕麦青贮饲料,高能辐射预处理的组燕麦青贮饲料的pH及酸性和中性洗涤纤维含量显著降低(P <0.05),其中300和500 kGy辐射预处理的燕麦青贮饲料的pH无显著差异(P> 0.05)。与此同时,与对照组相比,试验组肉牛的平均日增重及平均日采食量均显著增加(P <0.05);试验组肉牛血液中的白蛋白、总蛋白、血糖含量均显著增加(P <0.05),而胆碱酯酶及尿素氮含量显著降低(P <0.05);试验组肉牛的干物质、粗纤维及能量的表观消化率显著增加(P <0.05)。综上所述,高能辐射预处理可显著降低燕麦青贮饲料的pH、酸性和中性洗涤纤维的含量,同时高能辐射预处理燕麦青贮饲料饲养肉牛的生长性能得到有效改善,促进肉牛中各类营养物质的表观消化率,综合考虑,建议300 kGy为最适宜肉牛生长的燕麦青贮饲料预处理的高能辐射预处理剂量。

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of high-energy radiation pretreatment of oat Silage on growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients and serum biochemical indicators of beef cattle.In this experiment,200 beef cattle with similar weight and good health were selected and randomly divided into four groups,with five replicates in each group,with 10 cows in each replicate.The beef cattle in the control group were fed with the basic diet.The experimental basic diet was corn soybean meal.The control group and oat Silage with different radiation were added to the basic diet at the proportion of 4.0%.The total radiation dose of the control group was 0 kGy,and the total radiation dose of the test groups I,II,and III were 100,300,and 500 kGy respectively.The pre experimental period is 7 days,and the formal experimental period is 90 days.The study found that compared with the oat Silage without radiation treatment,the pH and acid and neutral detergent fiber content of oat Silage in the high-energy radiation pretreatment group were significantly lower(P<0.05),and the pH of oat Silage pretreated with 300 and 500 kGy radiation had no significant difference(P>0.05).Meanwhile,compared to the control group,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of beef cattle in the experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05);The content of albumin,total protein and blood sugar in the blood of beef cattle in the test group increased significantly(P<0.05),while the content of cholinesterase and Blood urea nitrogen decreased significantly(P<0.05);The apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude fiber,and energy in the experimental group of beef cattle significantly increased(P<0.05).In general,high-energy radiation pretreatment significantly reduced the pH,acid and neutral detergent fiber content of oat Silage,and at the same time,the growth performance of beef cattle fed with oats Silage pretreated by high-energy radiation was effectively improved,and the apparent degradation rate of various nutrients in beef cattle was promoted.Based on comprehensive consideration,300 kGy was recommended as the dose of high-energy radiation pretreatment for oats Silage most suitable for beef cattle growth.