水稻秸秆发酵饲料对肉牛生长性能、肉品质和经济效益的影响

Effects of rice straw fermented feed on growth performance,meat quality,and economic benefits of beef cattle

文章旨在研究水稻秸秆发酵饲料对肉牛生长性能、肉品质和经济效益的影响。试验将60头西门塔尔杂交公肉牛随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头。试验组分别向基础饲料中添加0%、15%和30%的水稻秸秆发酵饲料。试验持续100 d(预饲期10 d,正试期90 d)。结果表明,30%水稻秸秆发酵饲料组肉牛的平均日增重、平均日采食量和终末体重显著提高(P <0.05),料重比显著降低(P <0.05);与对照组相比,15%水稻秸秆发酵饲料组肉牛平均日采食量显著提高(P <0.05),但对肉牛增重和料重比无显著影响(P> 0.05)。30%水稻秸秆发酵饲料组肉牛的胴体重、屠宰率和净肉率显著提高(P <0.05);日粮添加水稻秸秆发酵饲料对肉牛脂肪色、背膘厚度和肉骨比无显著影响(P> 0.05)。15%和30%水稻秸秆发酵饲料组肉牛背最长肌pH24 h显著提高(P <0.05);30%水稻秸秆发酵饲料组肉牛背最长肌大理石花纹评分显著提高,剪切力显著降低(P <0.05);日粮添加水稻秸秆发酵饲料对肉牛背最长肌pH45min、亮度、红度、黄度、滴水损失、蒸煮损失和系水力无显著影响(P> 0.05)。总之,本试验结果表明,水稻秸秆发酵饲料对肉牛生长性能和屠宰性能等均有积极影响,此外,完全使用水稻秸秆发酵饲料的经济效益最高。

The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effects of rice straw fermented feed on the growth performance,meat quality,and economic benefits of beef cattle.Sixty Simmental crossbred bulls were randomly divided into three groups,with four replicates in each group and five in each replicate.Add 0%,15%,and 30%rice straw fermented feed to the basic feed as the experimental diet.The test lasted for 100 days(pre test for 10 days,formal test for 90 days).The experimental results showed that adding 30%rice straw fermented feed to the diet significantly increased the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and final body weight of beef cattle(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the feed to weight ratio of beef cattle(P<0.05);Compared with the control group,adding 15%rice straw fermented feed to the diet significantly increased the average daily feed intake of beef cattle(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on the weight gain and feed to weight ratio of beef cattle(P>0.05).Adding 30%rice straw fermented feed to the diet significantly increased the carcass weight,slaughter rate,and net meat percentage of beef cattle(P<0.05);The addition of rice straw fermented feed to the diet did not significantly affect the fat color,backfat thickness,and meat to bone ratio of beef cattle(P>0.05).Adding 15%and 30%rice straw fermented feed to the diet significantly increased 24h pH of beef Longissimus(P<0.05);Adding 30%rice straw fermented feed to the diet significantly increased the marbling score of beef Longissimus dorsi and significantly reduced the shear force(P<0.05);The 45 min pH,brightness,redness,yellowness,drip loss,cooking loss and hydraulic capacity of beef Longissimus dorsi were not significantly affected by the addition of rice straw fermented feed to the diet(P>0.05).In summary,the results of this experiment indicate that rice straw fermented feed has a certain positive impact on the growth performance and slaughter performance of beef cattle.In addition,the economic benefits of completely using rice straw fermented feed are the highest.