不同处理玉米青贮对育肥肉牛饲养成本及经济效益的影响

Effects of different treatments of corn silage on the fattening effect,feed cost and economic benefits of beef cattle

文章旨在研究不同处理玉米青贮对肉牛育肥效果、饲养成本及经济效益的影响。试验将60头渤海黑牛杂交一代阉牛随机分成4组,每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。试验1组饲喂全株玉米青贮,试验2组饲喂全株玉米加菌青贮,试验3组饲喂去穗玉米青贮,试验4组饲喂去穗玉米加菌青贮。预饲期7 d,试验期62 d。结果表明:(1)1、2组肉牛平均日增重显著高于3、4组(P <0.05);2组肉牛平均日干物质采食量显著高于4组(P <0.05);1、2组肉牛料重比显著低于3、4组(P <0.05)。(2)2组肉牛平均日饲料成本最高,为23.12元,比3组、4组分别提高3.80、4.11元(P <0.05)。(3)2组平均日育肥收益为17.92元,略高于1组,比3组、4组分别提高64.10%、41.44%。综上所述,与去穗玉米青贮相比,用全株玉米进行青贮能更好地促进肉牛生长,获得更好的育肥收益,同时青贮中添加青贮菌剂能进一步促进肉牛育肥效果,虽然饲养成本略微提升,但总体收益仍有增长。在本试验条件下,饲喂全株玉米加菌青贮对肉牛的育肥效果及提升综合经济效益的效果最佳。

The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of different treatments of corn silage on the fattening effect,feed cost and economic benefits of beef cattle.The experiment selected 60 Bohai black cattle hybrid generation of castrteen cattle,randomly divided into 4 groups,15 repetitions in each group,and 1 beef cattle each repeated.The first group of the test was fed the whole plant of corn silage,the second group of the test was fed the whole plant of corn with bacteria silage,the third group of the test was fed the corn straw silage,and the fourth group of the test was fed the corn straw silage with bacterial silage.The pretest period is 7 d,and the test period is 62 d.The results showed that:(1)The average daily weight gain of beef cattle in Groups 1 and 2 was significantly higher than that of Groups 3 and 4(P<0.05);the average daily intake of beef cattle in Group 2 was significantly higher than that of Group 4(P<0.05);and the meat ratio of beef cattle in Groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that in Group 3 and 4(P<0.05).(2)The average daily feed cost of two groups of beef cattle is the highest,at 23.12 yuan,which is 3.80 yuan and 4.11 yuan higher than that of three and four groups,respectively(P<0.05)(3)The average daily fertilization income of Group 2 was 17.92 yuan,slightly higher than Group 1,an increase of 64.10%and 41.44%from Group 3 and Group 4,respectively.In summary,silage with whole corn can better promote the growth of beef cattle and obtain better fattening income.At the same time,the addition of silage agent to the silage can further promote the fattening of beef cattle.Although the feeding cost has increased slightly,the overall income is still increasing.Under the conditions of this test,feeding the whole plant of corn with bacteria silage has the best effect on the fattening effect and comprehensive economic benefits of beef cattle.