港城空间生产研究—–以马赛为例

Space production of port city:Case study of Marseille

随着港口产业转型升级,港口城市的内城港区作为交通枢纽的传统功能被削弱,其空间转型和新空间生产一直是社会和学界关注点.以马赛内城港区空间更新为例,基于空间生产理论的权力与资本视角构建港口城市空间转型的定性分析框架,结合熵权TOPSIS、效能累加模型以及多元回归等方法,定量分析其空间更新效果和驱动因素.结果表明:(1)马赛通过设施更新、文化营造等关键措施实现空间更新;1995年至2020年空间更新水平总体提高,在用地面积、城市设施、就业和投资指标方面有所差异.子系统的空间生产总体效率从1995年起稳步提升,但由于空间保护效率增长缓慢,制约了空间更新综合效率的提高.(2)不同尺度的权力和资本主体共同驱动马赛从工业贸易空间到旅游休闲空间的转型.马赛港城空间体现了空间实践、空间表征和表征空间的三元辩证融合.此案例研究旨在为我国一些历史港城在“海上丝绸之路”倡议中探讨老港区更新效能和驱动机制等方面提供启发.

With the transformation and upgrading of the port industry,the traditional function of the inner-city areas of port city as transportation hubs has been weakened,and the spatial transformation of old port areas and the production of new spaces have been a concern for society and academia.This paper takes the spatial renewal of Marseille inner-city port area as an example,and constructs a qualitative analysis framework for the spatial transformation of port cities based on the power and capital viewpoint of spatial production theory.By combining entropy TOPSIS,efficacy cumulative model and multiple regressions are established to quantitatively analyze its spatial renewal effect and driving factors.The results show that:1)Marseille has achieved spatial renewal through key measures such as facility renewal and cultural creation.There has been an overall increase in the level of spatial renewal from 1995 to 2020,but with differences in land area,urban facilities,employment and investment indicators,the overall level of effectiveness of spatial production in the subsystem has steadily increased from 1995,but the slow growth in spatial conservation efficiency has constrained the overall level of effectiveness improvement.2)The transformation of Marseille from an industrial trade space to a tourist and leisure space is driven by a combination of power and capital at different scales.Meanwhile,the port-city of Marseille space embodies a triadic dialectical fusion of spatial practices,spatial representations and representational spaces.This study is intended to shed some insights on the effectiveness and driving mechanisms of urban regeneration in China’s historic port cities in the context of the“Maritime Silk Road”initiative.