滇池外海环湖湿地现状调查研究

Investigation and Research on the Current Situation of Wetlands Around Waihai of Dianchi Lake

为摸清滇池外海环湖湿地的建设与管理情况,进一步促进湿地生态环境功能的发挥,通过查阅资料、卫星影像解译、实地调查、样品采集等方式,对滇池外海环湖湿地的面积、水资源条件、植物资源状况、鸟类资源状况、人为干扰情况等进行了调查与分析。结果显示:外海环湖湿地还存在来水不足、水体交换不充分、过度强调景观化、外来入侵物种未得到有效防控、人为干扰过大、未按要求划定鸟类保育区等问题,影响湿地生态环境功能的发挥。针对存在的问题,提出了湿地引水、布水系统优化提升改造,优化植物配置,强化外来入侵物种防控,封闭部分游览道路,设立鸟类保育区等措施。研究结果能为滇池外海环湖湿地的管理维护与优化提升工作提供科学参考。

In order to find out the construction and management situation of wetlands around Waihai of Dianchi Lake,and further promote the utilization of the wetland ecological environment function,an investigation and analysis were conducted on the area,water resource conditions,plant resource status,bird resource status,and human interference of the surrounding wetlands of Waihai,through data access,satellite imagery interpretation,field survey,sample collection,etc.The results show that there are still some problems in the surrounding wetlands,such as insufficient water supply,insufficient water exchange,over emphasis on landscaping,ineffective prevention and control of foreign invasive species,excessive human interference,and failure to delimit bird conservation areas as required,which hinder the play of the wetland ecological environment function.At the same time,in view of the existing problems,measures such as optimizing and upgrading the wetland water diversion and distribution system,optimizing plant configuration,strengthening the prevention and control of foreign invasive species,closing some tourist roads,and establishing bird conservation areas were proposed.The research results can provide scientific reference for the management,maintenance,and optimization of the surrounding wetlands of Waihai.