跨断层隧道抗断措施研究进展

Research Progress on Fault Resistance Measures for Cross-Fault Tunnels

活动断层错动会给隧道带来永久性破坏,亟须展开断层错动作用下隧道的抗断措施研究。介绍了断层隧道的3种研究方法:物理模型试验法、理论分析法及数值模拟法,指出了3种方法存在的局限性,如物理模型试验考虑条件单一,理论分析尚未形成完整体系,数值模拟受参数的影响较大等。并简要阐明了常用的超挖设计法、围岩加固法、铰接设计法、减震层法的原理。未来断层隧道应向柔性方向发展,采用“刚柔并济”、多种抗错断方法耦合的抗错断措施,同时也应着重于完善理论研究、改良模型试验、研究加强新的抗断材料等方面的研究,提高跨断层隧道的安全性。

Active fault misalignment will bring permanent damage to tunnels,and there is an urgent need to carry out research on anti-fault measures for tunnels under the action of fault misalignment.This paper briefly introduces three research methods of fault tunnels:physical model test method,theoretical analysis method and numerical simulation method,and points out the limitations of the three methods,such as the physical model test considered a single condition;the theoretical analysis has not yet formed a complete system,and the numerical simulation is greatly affected by the parameters.It also briefly clarifies the principles of the commonly used over-excavation design method,perimeter rock reinforcement method,articulation design method,and vibration-damping layer method.In the future,fault tunnels should be developed in the direction of flexibility.The"rigid-flexible"and a variety of fault-resistant methods coupled with fault-resistant measures are adopted.while the study should focus on improving the theoretical research,improving the model test,and studying new anti-fracture materials,so as to improve the safety of cross-fault tunnels.