国家文化与创业者资本对创业活跃度的组态效应

The Configuration Effect of National Culture and Entrepreneurial Capital on Entrepreneurial Activity

从制度理论和知识资本视角出发,考察国家文化与创业者资本协同联动对创业活跃度的影响,并采用fsQCA方法对全球39个国家层面案例进行组态分析。研究发现,单个国家文化要素和创业者资本要素均不是产生高创业活跃度的必要条件;3条路径可以产生高创业活跃度,包括低权力距离和低不确定性规避文化下的人力资本驱动型,低不确定性规避和女性化文化下的人力与社会资本驱动型,高不确定性规避、集体主义和男性化文化下的人力与社会资本驱动型;6条路径导致非高创业活跃度,并与产生高创业活跃度的路径存在非对称关系。研究结论有助于揭示不同层面多重因素并发对创业活动的影响,深化对因果复杂机制的认识。

From the perspective of institutional theory and knowledge capital,this study examined the impact of the synergy between national culture and entrepreneurial capital on entrepreneurial activity,and used the fsQCA method to conduct a configuration analysis of case data from 39 countries worldwide.Research has found that,Any single element of national culture or entrepreneurial capital does not constitute the necessary condition of high entrepreneurial activity;There are three recipes which can generate high entrepreneurial activity,including human capital driven under the culture of low power distance and low uncertainty avoidance,human and social capital driven under the culture of low uncertainty avoidance and feminization,and human and social capital driven under the culture of high uncertainty avoidance,collectivism and masculinization;Six recipes lead to non-high entrepreneurial activity,and there is an asymmetric relationship between the paths of high and non-high entrepreneurial activity.The research conclusion helps to reveal the impact of multiple factors at different levels on entrepreneurial activity and deepen the understanding of the complex causal mechanisms.