数字人民币跨境支付:现实动因、制度困境与规则建构

Digital RMB Cross-Border Payments:Realistic Motivations,Institutional Dilemmas and Rule Constructions

数字人民币作为一种新型货币形态,演变成为一种数字化的价值符号,其底层科技具有天然的跨境属性,契合了人民币国际化的现实需要。数字人民币点对点支付特性、数字钱包载体以及可编程模式,既可弥补现行跨境支付模式缺陷,又有利于重构全球跨境支付体系格局,提升人民币在国际货币体系中的话语权和影响力。但数字人民币跨境支付仍面临法律依据与域外效力确认、货币替代与主权冲突、运行模式与结算标准分散、国际监管与纠纷解决机制缺失等制度困境。为此,应统筹推进数字人民币国内立法与国际规则同步建设,推动国家间货币主权的让渡与货币互换网络建设,加强跨境支付技术标准与规则的国际协同,建构国际监管与纠纷解决机制,补齐数字人民币跨境支付制度短板。

As a new form of currency,digital RMB has evolved into a digital value symbol,and its underlying technology has natural cross-border attributes,which meets the realistic needs of RMB internationalization.The peerto-peer payment characteristics,digital wallet carrier and programmable mode of digital RMB can not only make up for the shortcomings of the current cross-border payment model,but also help to reconstruct the global cross-border payment system patern and enhance the discourse and influence of RMB in the international monetary system.However,digital RMB cross-border payment still faces institutional difficulties such as legal basis and extraterritorial validity confirmation,currency substitution and sovereignty conflict,fragmented operation mode and settlement standard,and lack of international supervision and dispute resolution mechanism.China should promote the simultaneous construction of domestic legislation and international rules for digital RMB,promote the transfer of monetary sovereignty between countries and the construction of currency swap networks,strengthen the international coordination of global cross-border payment technology standards and rules,construct international supervision and dispute resolution mechanisms,and make up for the shortcomings of the digital RMB cross-border payment system.