附子多糖的提取、纯化及药理活性研究进展

Research Progress on Extraction,Purification and Pharmacological Activities of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)Polysaccharide

附子是中国传统中药材,具有“回阳救逆,补火助阳,逐风寒湿邪”等功效。附子含有多种化合物,包括生物碱、多糖、黄酮、芳香酸等,主要具有强心、抗心律失常、抗炎镇痛、提高免疫力、抗肿瘤和抗衰老等作用。目前附子药效物质基础相关研究主要集中在生物碱成分,而对多糖等其他成分研究相对薄弱。附子多糖(Fuzi polysaccharide, FPS)作为附子的天然活性成分之一,具有促进免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖等多种功效,有较高的研究价值。通过查阅文献,对附子多糖的组成、提取纯化工艺、药理作用及作用机制研究展开综述。附子多糖提取方法主要有水提取法、超声提取法和酶辅助提取法,应用Sevag法、三氯乙酸沉淀法(TCA法)和鞣酸法进一步纯化,目前已分离鉴定出9种不同单糖,但没有诸如单糖的连接点类型、单糖和糖苷键的构型等方面的具体讨论,相关药理作用机制也有待进一步探讨。提出当前存在的问题及今后的研究方向和产品发展趋势,以期为附子成分多元化应用提供参考和借鉴。

Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata),is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,It has potent effects of tonifying fire and helping Yang,restoring Yang and rescuing patients from collapse,dispelling wind,cold and dampness.Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)contains a variety of compounds,including alkaloids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,aromatic acids and so on,and mainly have the effects of strengthening heart,anti-arrhythmic,anti-inflammatory and analgesic,improving immunity,anti-tumor and anti-aging.At present,the researches on the pharmacodynamic material basis of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)mainly focus on alkaloid components,while the researches on polysaccharide and other components are relatively weak.Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)polysaccharide(FPS),as one of the natural active components of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata),has the effects of promoting immune regulation,anti-tumor,anti-virus,lowering blood sugar and so on,and has high research value.The main extraction methods of FPS are water extraction,ultrasonic extraction and enzyme-assisted extraction.Sevag method,trichloroacetic acid precipitation method(TCA method)and tannic acid method were applied to further purification.At present,9 different monosaccharides have been isolated and identified,but there is no specific discussion on the types of monosaccharides and the configuration of monosaccharides and glycosidic bonds.The related pharmacological mechanism also needs to be further explored.In this paper,the existing problems,the future research direction and the development trend of the product were put forward in order to provide reference for the diversified application of aconite ingredients and the future research direction and product development trend were discussed,hoping to providing scientific reference for the exploitation and utilization of Fuzi(Radix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparata)resources.