《清通考·四裔考》中意大利部分的史源与书写——从马西尼教授的研究谈起

Historical Origin and Writing of the Italian Part in Qing Tong Kao·Si Yi Kao——A Case Study of Professor Masini’s Research

意大利著名汉学家马西尼(Federico Masini)教授对乾隆朝《清文献通考·四裔考》中有关意大利的部分进行了翻译和细致的研究。其贡献包括追溯文本史源,指出编辑的一些失误,对相关名物的解释,对与文本有关的资料的提示,对作者编写方式和意图的分析,揭示了文本在中意交流背景下的价值定位。借助马西尼教授的研究可以深入推进对《四裔考》意大利部分的了解,《四裔考》对《职方外纪》等相关内容的裁剪移置,反映了编者对传教士所言五大洲之说的反对,显示出清廷天下观念对当时历史书写的影响。

Professor Masini,a famous Italian sinologist,translated and made a detailed study of the Italian part in Qing Wen Xian Tong Kao · Si Yi Kao in the reign of Emperor Qianlong.His contributions included tracing the historical source of the text,pointing out some mistakes in the process of compilation,explaining the relevant items,prompting the information related to the text,analyzing the editor's writing method and intention,and revealing the value of the text in the context of Sino-Italian cultural exchanges.With the help of Professor Masini's research,we can further promote the understanding of the Italian part in Si Yi Kao.The deletion and transfer of the relevant contents in Zhi Fang Wai Ji have reflected the editor's opposition to the missionaries' theory of five continents and showed the influence of the concept of the Qing Dynasty on the historical writing at that time.