元《十方重阳万寿宫记》碑考释

Textual Research and Interpretation of the Stele of Shi Fang Chong Yang Wan Shou Gong Ji in the Yuan Dynasty

《十方重阳万寿宫记》碑刻立于蒙古海迷失后元年(1249),现藏于西安市鄠邑区重阳宫碑厅,为目前较早记录重阳宫和全真教历史的碑石。此碑系衍圣公孔元措篆额、中书省经籍所长官孟攀鳞撰文、全真教掌教张志敬书丹。碑文首先记述了全真教的思想精髓:“全真性命论”,包括“广大无名”的宇宙论、“清静无为”的认识论以及“性命双修”的功夫论三个部分;其次着重论述了王重阳创教之历程;最后描绘了全真教众会葬祖师的历程,以及朝廷敕封重阳宫的盛事,充分体现了金元时期全真教的繁荣鼎盛。此碑对于研究金元道教史和全真教思想有着非常重要的价值。

The inscription of Shi Fang Chong Yang Wan Shou Gong Ji was erected in the first year of Oghul Qaimish ruling as a regent.It is now preserved in the Stele Hall of Chongyang Palace in Huyi District,Xi'an City.It is the earliest stele that records the history of Chongyang Palace and Quanzhen Daoism.This stele was inscribed with seal characters by Holy Duke Kong Yuancuo,written by Meng Panlin,director of the Classics and Books Institute of the Central Secretariat,and carved by Zhang Zhijing,master of Quanzhen Daoism.Firstly,the inscription describes the essence of Quanzhen Daoism:the theory of nature and life of Quanzhen,including three parts:the "vast and unknown" cosmology,the "quiet and inaction" epistemology,and the dual cultivation of innate nature and life-destiny theory of kung fu.Secondly,it focuses on the course of Wang Chongyang's creating Quanzhen Taoism.Finally,it describes the process of master's burial service of Quanzhen Daoism,and the grand event of the Chongyang Palace being conferred by the imperial court,which fully reflects the prosperity of Quanzhen Daoism in the Jin and Yuan dynasties.This stele is of great value for studying the history of Taoism in Jin and Yuan dynasties and the thought of Quanzhen Daoism.