零工劳动与当代资本主义生产方式——劳动力商品化理论视角

Gig Labor and Contemporary Capitalist Mode of Production:The Perspective of Commodification of Labor Power Theory

劳动力商品理论是马克思经济学理论体系的重要基石之一,劳动力商品化是马克思劳动力商品理论的重要内涵。在《资本论》中,马克思全面分析了劳动力转化为商品的前提条件、历史过程和多种状况,为我们科学认识当代资本主义生产方式提供了理论基础和重要启发。数字技术的广泛应用,推动发达资本主义国家数字经济和建立在数字平台基础上的零工经济与零工劳动现象蓬勃发展。在零工经济和零工劳动中,资本控制劳动的方式发生了新的变化,但并没有改变资本主义生产方式和生产关系的本质。零工经济和零工劳动的发展,扩大了劳动力商品化的范围,加剧了劳动力商品化的不稳定性,从而更加有利于资本增殖和资本积累。必须坚持以马克思经济学理论为指导,科学认识数字化时代资本主义经济的发展规律和历史趋势。

Labor power commodity theory is one of the important cornerstones of Marx's economic theory system,and the commodification of labor power is the important connotation of Marx's labor power commodity theory.In Capital,Marx comprehensively analyzed the preconditions,historical processes and various conditions of the transformation of labor power into commodities,which provided the theoretical basis and important inspiration for us to scientifically understand the contemporary capitalist mode of production.The wide application of digital technology has promoted the vigorous development of the digital economy and the gig economy and gig labor based on digital platforms in developed capitalist countries.In the gig economy and gig labor,there have been new changes in the way capital controls labor,but they have not changed the essence of capitalist production methods and production relations.The development of the gig economy and gig labor has expanded the scope of labor commodification,enhanced the instability of labor power commodification,and thus is more conducive to capital proliferation and accumulation.We must adhere to the guidance of Marxist economic theory and scientifically understand the development laws and historical trends of capitalist economy in the digital era.