论学习评价的伦理失范与秩序重建

On the Ethical Anomie and Order Reconstruction of Student Learning Evaluation

学习评价具有伦理性。学习评价的伦理本质体现为评价制度设计的公共性、评价权利配置的平等性和评价利益分配的共享性。但在学习评价中,因主体的价值选择冲突引发了一系列伦理失范现象,主要包括:甄别衍生功能僭越育人本体功能、统一性标准束缚个性化发展、技术手段遮蔽人文关怀。此类现象产生的原因在于:公共利益与个体利益的博弈、道德规范与主体意志的对峙、技术理性与价值理性的冲突。为了化解学习评价的伦理危机,需使制度运作甄于公共正义、权利行使合乎责任伦理、秩序构建走向理性自由,方能重建伦理秩序,营造良好的评价生态。

Student learning evaluation is ethical,whose ethical essence is reflected in the publicity of evaluation system de⁃sign,the equality of evaluation rights allocation,and the sharing of evaluation benefits distribution.However,due to the conflict of subject value choices in student learning evaluation,a series of ethical anomies have been triggered,mainly including screen⁃ing derivative functions that override the educational ontological function,unified standards that limit personal development,and technical means that obscure humanistic care.The reasons for this phenomenon lie in the game between public interests and indi⁃vidual interests,the confrontation between moral norms and the will of the subject,and the conflict between technological ratio⁃nality and value rationality.In order to resolve the ethical crisis of student learning evaluation,it is necessary to ensure that the operation of the system is based on public justice,the exercise of rights is consistent with responsibility ethics,and the construc⁃tion of order is oriented towards rational freedom,which can help rebuild the ethical order and create a good evaluation ecology.