大学生“三下乡”暑期社会实践获得感的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of college students’sense of gain from the summer social practice

目的:了解大学生在“三下乡”暑期社会实践中的获得感,分析大学生实践获得感的制约和影响因素,并提出相关建议。方法:选取浙江省内6所高校的75名大学生进行访谈后编制问卷,随机抽取383名大学生进行问卷调查,分析其实践获得感和影响因素。结果:调研人群中有21.41%学生表示没有参加过“三下乡”暑期社会实践;参加过“三下乡”暑期社会实践的大学生中,68.11%认为自己收获很大、较大;认为收获较小和很小的占比3.32%。其中49.83%的学生认为实践最大收获体现在精神获得层面,42.52%的学生认为最大收获体现在能力提升层面,7.64%的学生认为最大收获体现在知识增长层面。大学生实践获得感主要受到组织方式、主观认知、实践态度等影响。实践次数(r=0.39,P<0.01)、实践时长(r=0.23,P<0.01)、实践认同(r=0.55,P<0.01)、实践态度(r=0.31,P<0.01)与实践获得感存在显著的正相关关系。线性回归分析结果表明实践次数、实践认同对实践获得感为正向影响。结论:要重视实践参与主体的实际获得感,着重从学校组织层面、学生认知层面、社会协同层面上下功夫,不断提升实践育人成效。

Objective:To investigate what college students’may gain from the summer social practice of“going to the countryside to promote scientific knowledge and literacy and to render medical service to farmers”,with an analysis of the influencing factors,and relevant suggestions.Methods:A questionnaire was developed after an interview with 75 college students,and a survey was made in 383 randomly selected students to analyze their practical sense of gain and its influencing factors.Results:There were 21.41%of the surveyed students who did not participate in the summer social practice.Of those who did participate in the summer social practice,68.11%believed that they gained much or very much.The proportion of students who believed that they gained little or very little was 3.32%.Among them,49.83%of students believed that the greatest benefit from the summer social practice was reflected in spiritual aspect;42.52%of students believed that they gained most in their ability improvement,and 7.64%of students believed that they gained new knowledge.College students’sense of gain was mainly influenced by organizational style,subjective cognition,and attitude towards practice.Conclusion:To ensure the effectiveness of practical education,it is necessary to attach great importance to the participants’actual sense of achievement by improving the organizational level of the university,the cognitive level of students,and the collaboration level of society.