伴自杀意念的青少年抑郁症患者心理体验的质性研究

Psychological experience of depression adolescents with suicidal ideation:a qualitative study

目的深入了解伴自杀意念青少年抑郁症患者的心理体验。方法本研究为质性研究。采用目的抽样法,于2022年6—8月选取在杭州师范大学附属医院儿童青少年心理健康联合门诊就诊的18例伴自杀意念的青少年抑郁症患者为研究对象,对其进行半结构式访谈,应用Colaizzi 7步分析法归纳分析资料并提炼主题。结果最终归纳出负性感受、认知的累积促发自杀意念(难以承受的负面情绪、缺乏理解和关爱、对生死的片面认知)与有连结、被关注、有敬畏能减少自杀意念(有牵挂与羁绊、对死亡的恐惧和敬畏、他人的关注和即时反馈)2个主题。结论医护人员应高度重视伴自杀意念青少年抑郁症患者的心理感受,为青少年患者心理康复构建有效管理方式。

Objective To deeply understand the psychological experience of depression adolescents with suicidal ideation.Methods This was a qualitative study.From June to August 2022,purposive sampling was used to select 18 depression adolescents with suicidal ideation who visited the Children and Adolescent Mental Health Joint Clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University as the research subject.We conducted semi-structured interviews with adolescents,and applied the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method to summarize and extract themes.Results A total of 2 themes were summarized,including the accumulation of negative sensations and cognition promoted suicidal ideation(unbearable negative emotions,lack of understanding and care,one-sided understanding of life and death),and having connections,attention,and awe could reduced suicidal ideation(with concern and constraint,fear and awe of death,attention from others and immediate feedback).Conclusions Medical and nursing staff should attach great importance to the psychological feelings of depression adolescents with suicidal ideation,and construct effective management methods for the psychological rehabilitation of adolescents.