儿童碘对比剂静脉外渗危险因素及预防策略的研究进展

Research progress on risk factors and prevention strategies for intravenous extravasation of iodine contrast media in children

碘对比剂静脉外渗会引起软组织缺损、继发性伤口感染、脓肿、组织粘连,甚至出现骨筋膜室综合征和截肢等严重后果。儿童静脉细短、脆弱且不易触及,同时缺乏保护意识、好动且配合度低,增加了碘对比剂外渗的风险。本文对现阶段国内外儿科患者碘对比剂静脉外渗危险因素及预防干预措施进行综述,为早期识别儿童碘对比剂静脉外渗高风险人群,给予患儿个性、专业化的预防干预措施提供依据。

Intravenous extravasation of iodine contrast media can cause soft tissue defects,secondary wound infections,abscesses,tissue adhesions,and even serious consequences such as osteofascial compartment syndrome and amputation.Children's veins are thin,short,fragile and difficult to reach,while lacking protective awareness,being active and having low coordination,which increases the risk of iodine contrast media extravasation.This article reviews the risk factors and preventive interventions for intravenous extravasation of iodine contrast media in patients both domestically and internationally,providing a basis for early identification of high-risk groups for intravenous extravasation of iodine contrast media in children and providing personalized and specialized preventive interventions for children.