行动者视角中的行政人员道德责任实现路径

Approaches to Administrator's Moral Responsibility from the Perspective of Actor

当前,主要存在着两条行政人员道德责任的实现路径,即“基于规则的路径”与“基于价值的路径”,两者有着各自的价值与缺陷,以致整合这两条既有路径的思路得到了广泛的接受。然而,由于基于规则的路径与基于价值的路径存在着共同的问题,因而,整合思路对于行政人员道德责任的实现来说仍然是不充分的。从根本上看,既有路径的共同问题源于一种把行政人员看作个体的观念。联系时代背景和现实来看,为了从根源上解决既有路径的共同问题,应当把行政人员理解为行动者而非个体。这样一来,就需要基于行动者视角去拓展行政人员道德责任的实现路径,即一方面联系关系与情境、互动和联动等去发展和重构既有路径,另一方面则为行政人员开拓通过互动和联动去实现其道德责任的新思路。这两个方面的结合将为行政人员提供一条更具完整性和更契合现实要求的基于行动的道德责任实现路径。

Currently,there are mainly two approaches to the realization of administrator's moral responsibility,namely the"rule-based approach"and the"value-based approach".Each of them has its own value and defects,so the idea of integrating these two existing approaches has been widely accepted.However,due to the common problems with both the rule-based approach and the value-based approach,the integrated approach is still insufficient for the achievement of administrator's moral responsibility.Fundamentally,the common problems with the existing approaches stem from a perception of administrator as individual.From the perspectives of our age and the reality we are facing,in order to solve the common problems of the existing approaches from the root,administrators should be regarded as an actor rather than as an individual.In this way,it is necessary to further develop and broaden the approaches to the realization of the administrator's moral responsibility from the perspective of actor.On one hand,the existing approaches should be further developed and reconstructed from the perspectives of relationship and situation,interaction and association.On the other,new ideas need to be developed for administrators to achieve their moral responsibilities through interaction and association.The combination of these two aspects will provide administrators with a complete and applicable approach to the realization of moral responsibility based on action.