初级纤毛/鞭毛转运系统介导力学反应性信号通路促骨髓基质干细胞成骨分化

Primary cilia/intraflagellar transport mediates mechanics-responsive signaling pathway and promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells

背景:目前已证实力学刺激可以促进骨髓基质干细胞成骨分化,但其机制未完全明了。初级纤毛是重要的力学感受器并调控TGF-β1/BMP-2/SMAD等多种信号通路,很可能是骨髓基质干细胞力学调控的重要靶点。目的:探讨流体剪切力对骨髓基质干细胞成骨分化的影响及机制。方法:将大鼠骨髓基质干细胞分为对照组、力学刺激组(通过摇床施加流体剪切力学干预)、力学刺激+IFT88沉默组(力学刺激+使用siRNA沉默IFT88表达),干预24 h后,采用qRT-PCR检测转化生长因子β1、骨形成蛋白2的表达、Western blot检测磷酸化SMAD2/3蛋白的表达,初级纤毛免疫荧光染色及形态学分析。结果与结论:剪切力刺激可促进骨髓基质干细胞的初级纤毛表达,转化生长因子β1及骨形成蛋白2基因转录激活,提高磷酸化SMAD2/3蛋白表达。siRNA干扰初级纤毛生成后,这一力学反应效应明显减低。骨髓基质干细胞的初级纤毛面积改变比值与转化生长因子β1及骨形成蛋白2基因转录增高比例具有Spearman相关性。结果表明:初级纤毛/鞭毛转运系统介导了流体剪切力反应性的TGF-β1/BMP-2/SMAD信号通路激活,促进骨髓基质干细胞成骨分化。

BACKGROUND:Mechanical stimulation has been confirmed to promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells,but the mechanism is unknown.Primary cilia are important mechanoreceptors and regulate various signaling pathways such as TGF-β1/BMP-2/SMAD.They are likely to be important targets for mechanical regulation of bone marrow stromal stem cells.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of fluid shear stress on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells.METHODS:Rat bone marrow stromal stem cells were divided into control group,mechanical stimulation group(fluid shear mechanics intervention by shaking table),mechanical stimulation+IFT88 silencing group(mechanical stimulation+silencing IFT88 expression with siRNA).After 24 hours of intervention,qRT-PCR was utilized to determine the expression of transforming growth factorβ1 and bone morphogenetic protein 2.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated SMAD2/3 protein.Immunofluorescent staining of primary cilia was conducted and morphology was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Shear stress stimulation could promote the transcriptional activity of transforming growth factorβ1 and bone morphogenetic protein 2 genes,and increase the expression of phosphorylated SMAD2/3 protein.After siRNA interfered with primary cilia,this mechanical response effect was significantly reduced.There was a Spearman correlation between the change ratio of the primary cilium area of bone marrow stromal stem cells and the increased ratio of transforming growth factorβ1 and bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene transcription.These findings indicate that primary cilia/intraflagellar transport mediates the activation of fluid shear stress-responsive transforming growth factorβ1/bone morphogenetic protein 2/SMAD signaling pathway and promotes osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal stem cells.