社区人群微量白蛋白尿相关因素的分析

Analysis of factors related to microalbuminuria in community populations

目的 分析社区人群中微量白蛋白尿的相关影响因素,为有效地筛查存在肾脏早期损害的居民提供依据。方法 选取北京市某社区2021年10月进行定期健康体检的居民为研究对象,分析其体检数据。根据尿白蛋白/肌酐比值划分为微量白蛋白尿组及尿白蛋白正常组,比较2组间临床数据,通过logistic二元回归分析确定与微量白蛋白尿有关的影响因素。结果 本研究人群微量白蛋白尿检出率为11.9%(122/1 022)。微量白蛋白尿组及尿白蛋白正常组年龄、代谢综合征、高血压病史、糖尿病病史、腰围、腹型肥胖、葡萄糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、白蛋白、尿素、肌酐及肾小球滤过率比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析示年龄(OR=1.051,95%CI:1.033~1.070)和代谢综合征(OR=2.254,95%CI:1.425~3.565)与微量白蛋白尿独立相关。在代谢综合征5个组分中,高血糖(OR=2.405,95%CI:1.434~4.035)和高血压(OR=2.082,95%CI:1.189~3.674)与微量白蛋白尿检出相关。结论 年龄和代谢综合征与微量白蛋白尿独立相关,且代谢综合征组分中糖尿病和高血压与微量白蛋白尿关系更加密切。

Objective To analyze the factors influencing microalbuminuria in community populations and provide evidence for effective screening of residents with early kidney injury.Methods All residents who underwent regular health examinations in a community in Beijing in October 2021 were selected as the study population,and their examination data were analyzed.Participants were divided into a microalbuminuria group and a normal urine albumin group based on the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.The clinical data between the two groups were compared,and binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with microalbuminuria.Results The detection rate of microalbuminuria in the study population was 11.9%(122/1022).There were statistically significant differences(all P<0.05)in age,metabolic syndrome,history of hypertension,history of diabetes,waist circumference,abdominal obesity,glucose,glycated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,triglycerides,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,albumin,urea,creatinine,and glomerular filtration rate between the microalbuminuria group and the normal urine albumin group.Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.051,95%CI:1.033-1.070)and metabolic syndrome(OR=2.254,95%CI:1.425-3.565)were independently associated with microalbuminuria.Among the five components of metabolic syndrome,high blood sugar(OR=2.405,95%CI:1.434-4.035)and hypertension(OR=2.082,95%CI:1.189-3.674)were positively associated with the detection of microalbuminuria.Conclusion Age and metabolic syndrome are independently associated with microalbuminuria,and diabetes and hypertension among the components of metabolic syndrome have a closer relationship with microalbuminuria.