五四时期杨昌济的家庭伦理思想探析

Yang Changji’s Thought on Family Ethics in the Period of the May 4th Movement

五四时期,婚姻家庭问题成为一个社会热点问题,受到广泛热烈的讨论。这一时期,杨昌济的家庭伦理思想逐渐发展成熟,他力倡“真正的个人主义”的家庭观和婚恋观,并据此展开对传统家族制度和传统婚姻伦理的批判。在他看来,传统家族制度在现代社会中尽管仍有情感维系和道德监督的积极作用,但易使人滋长依赖心理、“使爱国心薄弱”“使社会文化难以进步”;至于传统的婚姻习俗,如早婚、纳妾、守节等,则严重侵害了个人的人格和平等的人权。可见,杨昌济家庭伦理思想给予了五四时期家庭伦理变革运动以积极的影响,且在这一运动中打下了自己鲜明的印记。

During the May 4th Movement period,the issue of marriage and family became a hot one.During this period,Yang Changji’s thought on family ethics gradually developed and matured.He advocated“true individualism”family and marriage values,and on these grounds criticized the traditional family system and traditional marriage ethics.In his view,although the traditional family system still had the positive effects of emotional maintenance and moral supervision in modern society,it was easy to make people dependent,“make them less patriotism”and“make it difficult to make social and cultural progress”.The traditional customs of marriage,such as early marriage,concubines,preservation chastity,and so on,seriously infringed on individual personality and equality of human rights.Therefore,Yang Changji’s thought on family ethics elicited a positive influence to the family ethic reform movement in the period of the May 4th Movement,and left its own distinctive mark in the movement.