牙龈卟啉单胞菌介导慢性肾病发生发展的研究进展

Research progress on the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease by Porphyromonas gingivalis

慢性肾病(CKD)是临床常见泌尿系统疾病之一,发病率近年来呈逐年升高趋势,已经成为全球重大公共卫生问题。牙周炎是中老年人群高发的口腔疾病,是导致成人牙齿缺失的主要原因,研究证明其与全身多种疾病的发生、发展密切相关。最新研究表明,牙周炎的主要致病菌——牙龈卟啉单胞菌,可能是CKD的重要风险因素。在肾功能方面,患有牙周炎的CKD人群较牙周健康的CKD人群差,而通过牙周炎治疗则可以减小两者的肾功能差异。多项研究表明,牙龈卟啉单胞菌可以借助多种方式在CKD的发生、发展中发挥重要作用。牙龈卟啉单胞菌可以通过破坏肾脏上皮的完整性,加重肾脏的炎症反应,加重肾脏组织氧化应激损伤等方式促进CKD的发生、发展。本文系统梳理了牙龈卟啉单胞菌在CKD发生、发展方面的相关研究,有助于全面认识两者的相互关系及其致病机制。

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is one of the common clinical urinary diseases,and its incidence rate has been increasing in recent years,such that it has become a major public health problem in the world.Periodontitis is a highly common oral disease in the middle-aged and elderly people,which is the main cause of tooth loss in adults and closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases.In recent researches,it has been suggested that the main pathogen of periodontitis,Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.g),may be an important risk factor of CKD.People suffering from both periodontitis and CKD had worse kidney fucntion than those with CKD only,and the kidney function of the former could be improved by periodontal treatment.It was found in several studies that P.g played an important role in the occurrence and development of CKD in a variety of ways,including destroying the integrity of the renal epithelium,aggravating the inflammatory response and the oxidative stress damage of kidney tissue.This article systematically reviewd the relevant studies of P.g in the occurrence and development of CKD,so as to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between periodontitis and CKD as well as the related pathogenic mechanism.