跨界技术并购如何促进后发企业颠覆性创新?

How boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions promote disruptive innovation of latecomers

跨界技术并购是后发企业快速获取技术资源,提升颠覆性创新能力的有效途径。以人工智能后发企业跨界技术并购事件作为研究对象,采用Two-step fsQCA研究方法,分析在“十二五规划”“十三五规划”时期我国跨界技术并购提升人工智能后发企业颠覆性创新能力的组态路径。研究发现:不同时期下跨界技术并购提升人工智能后发企业颠覆性创新能力的条件组态在构成要素上存在差异;不同远程因素下跨界技术并购提升人工智能后发企业颠覆性创新能力的各近似因素发挥不同作用;不同外部环境下跨界技术并购提升人工智能后发企业颠覆性创新能力的路径存在显著区别。基于研究结论,得到相关研究启示。

In a highly dynamic and changing environment,from competition to cooperation has become the basic context for enterprise strategy formulation and implementation.More and more enterprises are realizing that it is difficult to maintain sustainable innovation capabilities solely through internal research and development,and are beginning to access and acquire heterogeneous knowledge re⁃sources through boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions.At the same time,the rapid development of technology and cross domain integration have made various industries generally face disruptive innovation,causing anxiety about whether enterprises can maintain competitive advantage,while also bringing new opportunities to them.As a strategic response to the environment of cross domain technology integration and the inherent need to maintain competitive advantage in the context of disruptive innovation,latecom⁃ers in the field of disruptive innovation have set off a wave of boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions.This studyisbased on resource dependency theory and resource capability theory,adopts the Two-step fsQCA research method,and selects 163 boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions events that occurred during the"12th Five Year Plan"and"13th Five Year Plan"periods in 18 AI latecomers in China as research objects,exploring the situation from competition to cooperation,The common role of different conditions and factors in boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions in promoting the disrup⁃tive innovation capabilities of AI latecomers,as well as the adequacy and necessity of various conditions and factors.The research finds that:(1)There are differences in the configuration of conditions for boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions to promote the disruptive innovation capabilities of AI latecomers in different periods.(2)The approximate factors that promote the disruptive in⁃novation ability of AI latecomers through boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions under different remote factors have dif⁃ferent effects.(3)There are significant differences in the paths for boundary-spanning technology mergers&acquisitions to promote the disruptive innovation capabilities of AI latecomers in different external environments.This study constructs a TOE theoretical model for cross-border technology mergers and acquisitions to enhance the disruptive in⁃novation capabilities of AI latecomers from a configuration perspective,providing theoretical reference and inspiration for the develop⁃ment of many latecomers in related disruptive innovation fields.At the same time,this study breaks through the traditional static per⁃spective and introduces the time dimension into the study of configuration effects.It proposes that cross-border technology mergers and acquisitions need to combine real situations to promote AI latecomers to enhance disruptive innovation capabilities,providing useful ref⁃erence and reference for research related to configuration effects.Finally,this study uses the Two-step fsQCA research method,which is different from traditional fsQCA,to analyze the relative contribution of a subset of variables identified as important in the process of changing local contexts in China,and to construct and test causal statements that are more insightful and persuasive based on local con⁃texts in China.This has important reference value for studying the disruptive innovation capabilities of local enterprises in China,and is conducive to obtaining management practices that are more consistent with China's national conditions.