耳蜗感音机理研究及临床应用

Research on Cochlear Phonosensitive Mechanism and Clinical Application

听力损失与耳聋疾病已严重威胁人类健康和影响人们的生活质量。耳是人体中重要的感觉器官,耳蜗是人耳关键的感音结构,受限于其复杂精密且位置隐蔽,导致实验研究存在诸多难以克服的困难,迄今为止诠释耳蜗感音机理仍是医学的重要难题。因此,融合数学、力学、生物和医学的多学科交叉原理,建立真实有效的耳蜗结构生物力学模型,深入研究耳蜗的感音机理,为听力修复和临床治疗提供理论基础是许多科学家关注的焦点。本文总结了当前耳蜗感音机理及临床应用研究现状,指出当前尚存在的问题,并对今后的研究工作进行展望。

Diseases of hearing loss and deafness have seriously threatened human health and affected people’s quality of life.The ear is an important sensory organ in human body,and the cochlea is the key sensory structure of human ear.The cochlea is characterized by precision,complex,and hidden location,which causes many insurmountable difficulties in experimental researches,So far,the interpretation of cochlear phonosensitive mechanism is still an important unsolved problem in medicine.There is a growing tendency for many scientists to integrate the interdisciplinary principles of mathematics,mechanics,biology and medicine,develop the real and effective structural biomechanics model,and carry out a thorough investigation on the sensory mechanism of cochlea,so as to provide a theoretical basis for hearing repair and clinical treatment.In this review,the current status of researches on the mechanism of sound sensing and clinical application of cochlea was summarized,the existing problems were pointed out,and the future research work was also prospected.